210 Thirty-Third Annual Meeting 
and all such experiments as he is carrying on must help us in 
getting at the right method. 
Mr. Whish: I also have taken great satisfaction in listening 
to this paper, but for a different reason. When Dr. Johson spoke 
of gastro-duodenitis, | saw a ray of hope. He says he is raising 
the fontinalis in his pond. Now the brook trout, the old fashion 
speckled trout, the wild trout, in the hatcheries of this country is 
a diseased fish. The state of New York this last year lost 3,000 
three-year-old brook trout in one hatchery, in spite of the best 
scientific attendance we could get. We do not know the cause 
of that epidemic. We do not know the name of it—do not know 
how to prevent it or whether it will ever come again, and, know- 
ing, as I do that the same thing, or something of a similar nature 
is happening in the hatcheries of the United States commission 
and the hatcheries of other states, I think that here is a field 
where a man of the ability of Dr. Johnson, who has the time and 
means, can enter to great advantage. 
Briefly this is what happened to our trout. If anybody rec- 
ognizes the trouble and can tell me what it is, | will be very glad. 
In the stock ponds a large fish would suddenly leap from the 
water, dart violently from side to side, and then drop like a stone 
to the bottom where he would not move. If you took him out 
you would find, particularly along the dorsal aspect, what looked 
like boils, containing a mixture of blood and pus. In about 
three days those boils would break and he would then turn over 
on his back and die. Those boils, if they broke, left a cup-shaped 
uleer which a physician would recognize as being a form of ulcer 
which accompanies a very vile disease in man. Whether this is 
a species of that disease in fish or not I do not know, but the fact 
remains that we lost everyone of our brook trout; it did not at- 
tack the fingerlings or yearlings, but it killed off every one of 
those magnificent brook trout in that hatchery. We have cleaned 
the hatchery out completely, putting in new cement bottoms and 
sides to the ponds and we have arranged the water supply so that 
we can cut off one pond from another, and we hope to prevent a 
recurrence of the disease. 
I might tell you about fungus disease and parasites, but vou 
know all about them, and I earnestly make the suggestion that 
