108 Thirty-fifth Annual Meeting 
fish. It was found that when the young fish were left to roam 
about the shores for several days or weeks they were in much 
better condition for transportation. 
EFFECTS OF LIGHT ON EGGS AND SAC FRY. 
At the White Sulphur Springs station the water at times 
apparently contains noxious gases and at other times is super- 
aerated. As a result the so-called “white speck” disease has 
occurred annually. In connection with the experiments in de- 
aeration by the use of perforated pans observations in a general 
way showed that in some troughs of eggs and fish of the same lots 
there occurred losses of such marked variation as to attract espe- 
cial attention. The fish culturist noticed that in the troughs of 
eyed eggs as well as young fish subject to a great amount of hght 
the heaviest losses occurred. Control tests with eggs exposed to 
the sunlight after being eyed and eggs kept in a covered trough 
did not show much variation in mortality, the very shght differ- 
ence being in favor of the covered trough. However, soon after 
the fish hatched there appeared a marked difference in the losses, 
the fish in the sun-exposed trough dying much faster than those 
in the covered one. The loss continued for some time but again 
became about normal or equal in daily loss to the covered trough. 
When the yolk sac was about absorbed and the fish were nearly 
ready to feed the cover on the darkened trough was removed, and 
in a few days thereafter the fish in this trough began dying rapid- 
ly, while the loss in the exposed trough remained about normal. 
All the fish that died developed the “white speck” disease. The 
fry in the troughs were carried to the fingerling stage and the 
percentage of loss in the covered trough amounted to 47.2 as 
against a loss of 64.8 for the unprotected trough, making a dif- 
ference of 17.5 per cent. in favor of the darkened trough. Sup- 
erintendent Robinson suggests that had the cover not been re- 
moved for a longer period the percentage of loss would doubt- 
less have been only normal, as the fish in the darkened trough 
failed to develop the “white speck” disease until after being ex- 
posed to the sun, which indicates that sunlight as well as very 
strong light has a deleterious effect upon not only green and 
eyed eggs, but upon fish previous to the total absorption of the 
