American Fisheries Socvety. 191 
tions in Canada, Peru, Chili, Argentina, New Zealand, Tas- 
mania, England, Scotland, Holland, Sweden, Finland, Japan 
and China. 
CANADA. 
Fish breeding was conducted in Canada, previous to 1868, 
on a very limited scale as a private enterprise; but during the 
year above mentioned the work was taken over by the Federal 
Government. From one hatchery this work has been extended as 
circumstances would permit until today there are thirty-two fish 
breeding establishments in operation throughout the Dominion. 
Those erected of late years are of modern structure and are 
equipped with the latest apphances. 
The Federal Department of Marine and Fisheries has control 
of all public fish breeding establishments in Canada. The work 
connected with the Fish Culture Branch is supervised and con- 
ducted by the Superintendent of Fish Culture, subject to the 
approval of the heads of the department at Ottawa. The branch 
is officered by the Superintendent of Fish Culture, Secretary, and 
Inspector of Hatcheries, located at Ottawa, and the permanent 
officers-in-charge of hatcheries residing in or near the establish- 
ment under their supervision. 
The work up to about three years ago was devoted entirely 
to the hatching of the commercial species but public demands for 
the sporting varieties became so strong that operations to a limit- 
ed extent were begun in this direction. The species now operated 
with are as follows: Pacific salmon, Atlantic salmon, salmon 
trout, grey trout, lake whitefish, pickerel, speckled trout, ouana- 
niche, small-mouthed black bass, shad. In addition lobsters are 
incubated in several establishments on the Atlantic coast. 
Until recently the various species have been distributed in 
the fry stage. Three years ago a rearing pond for Atlantic sal- 
mon was constructed in connection with the hatchery on the 
Restigouche River in New Brunswick in which the fry is retained 
until they are about six months old. This system has been very 
successful, but, owing to the heavy expenditure and the difficulty 
of securing suitable locations for rearing ponds, this branch of 
the work is being cautiously extended as occasion offers. 
There are thirty-two establishments throughout the Domin- 
