PACKAitD.] NORTHERN RANGE OF THE LOCUST. n05 



It will be exceedingly desirable to trace the distribution of G. sprctiiii 

 southward of the present known limits, for it is not at all unlikely 

 that it inhabits the Mexican Plateau, since Major Powell informs me 

 that he found a locust, as he thought this species, numerous within 

 twenty miles of the Mexican boundary on the Colorado Ki\"er. 



In Northern New Mexico Lieutenant Car[)enter found this species 

 (identilied by Mr. Scudder) on Taos Peak, Sangre de Cristo Mountains, 

 at a height of 13,000 feet (above timber-line), in July, 1875. (Scudder 

 iu Wheeler's Annual Keport for 1870.) 



NORTHERN RANGE OF THE LOCUPT. 



While the locust (C spretiis) breeds in Wyoming, Montana, and Da- 

 kota, in some cases swarming northward and eastward into the region 

 about Manitoba, its northernmost liniits in British America are said by 

 Mr. G.M. Dawson* tobe "the margin of theconiferous forest which oppor- 

 tunely follows the line of the North Saskatchewan River." As regards 

 the northeastern limits, Mr. Dawson says: "The locusts are recorded, 

 on one occasion at least (1807, by Professor Hind)-, to have reached the 

 shores of the Lake of the Woods, but I have not heard that they did 

 so in 1874, Their limit in this direction is pretty detinitely lixed by tlie 

 western margin of the great woods, about longitude 1)0°. They did irot 

 api)eHr at Fairford Port, on the northern part of Manitoba L.ike, nor 

 at Lake Swan House (longitude 100° 30', latitude 52° iU')* ^kiii^x^i'I^'kI 

 Douse (longirude 102° 30', latitude 54^), Prince Albert (longitude 103° 

 30', latitude 53° 10'), or Fort Pitt (longitude 109° 20', latitude 53° 30'j. 



They are very seldom seen at the second, and never at the third and 

 fourth of these localities. The exemi)tiou of Prince Albert is note- 

 worthy and instructive, as, on the testimony of several gentlemen ac- 

 quainted with the locality, it is due to a lelt of coniferous timber, which 

 stretches between the North and South Saskatchewan Kivers here; and 

 though grasshoppers in great abundance bave visited the country south 

 of the line thus formed, they have never been Icnoicn to cross it, as will be 

 seen farther on ; that in 1875 great numbers Hew westward to the Lake 

 of the W^oods. 



Regarding its appearance at Manitoba in 1875 1 quote as follows from 

 Professor Dawson:} 



From the reports now received from Manitoba and various portions of the North- 

 vrcst Territory and pnblislied iu abstract witli these notes it would appear tbat dur- 

 ing tbe summer of la75 two distinct elements were concerned in the locust manifesta^ 

 tion. First, the insects hatching in the province of Manitoba and surrouudinj^ regions 

 from eggs lelt by the western and northwestern invading swarms of tha previous au- 

 tumn ; second, a distinct foreign host, moving, for the most part, from south io nortii. 

 The locusts are known to have hatched iu great nua)bers over almost the entire area 

 of Manitolja and westward at least as far as Fort Ellice on the Assineboiue River (lon- 

 gitude 101° 20'), and may probably have been ])roduced, at least sporadically, in other 

 portions of the central regions of the plains, though in the summer of 1874 this <listrict 

 was nearly emptied to recruit the swarms devastating Manitoba aiul the Western 

 Rratcs, ancl there appears to have been little, if any, iuiliix to supply their place. Still 

 farther west, on the ])lains along the base of the Rocky Mountains, from the forty-ninth 

 l)aralU 1 to tlie Red Ueer River, locusts are known to have hatched iu considerable num- 

 bers; but of these more anon. 



Hatching begau in JManitoba and adjacent regions in favorable localities as early as 

 May 7, but does not seem to have become general till about the 15th of the mouth, and 



* Notes on the Locust Invasion of 1874, iu Manitoba and the Northwest Territories. 

 Mom real, IbTC), 8vo, p. 1(5. 



t Notes on the Appearance and Migrations of the Locust iu Manitoba and the North- 

 west Terril oiies, summer of 1875, by George M. Dawson, Assoc. R. S. M., F. G. S. (From 

 advanced sheets of tlie Canadian Naturalist.) 



