HISTORY OF GENUS GLOSSINA. 51 



Gordon Gumming [9], while the species to which the name was 

 first applied was soon afterwards described by Westwood [lo] 

 under the well-known designation Glossina morsitans, the genus 

 Glossina dates from twenty years earlier. In the year 1830, 

 therefore, the genus Glossina was founded by Wiedemann [2] 

 for his species Gl. lonrjipalpis, the type of which was stated to 

 have been obtained at Sierra Leone by Adam Afzelius.* 



In the same year, 1830, a second species of Tsetse-fly was 

 described by Kobineau-Desvoidy [3] from a specimen from the 

 Congo, under the name Nemorhina palpalis. It has since been 

 customary among Dipterological writers to regard Nemorhina 

 palpalis, Rob.-Desv., as a synonym of Glossina longipalpis, Wied. ; 

 but, as is shown in Ghapter IV., the two species are really quite 

 distinct. This raises the question of priority between Glossina 

 and Nemorhina, since both names date from the same year : the 

 question, however, in default of anything in the shape of internal 

 evidence, is now incapable of solution, and in the present work 

 no attempt has been made to upset existing nomenclature so 

 far as the genus is concerned, since to abolish a name so well 

 established in literature as Glossina would be for every reason 

 eminently undesirable. 



After 1830 no addition was made to the genus Glossina for a 

 space of nineteen years, until in 1849 Glossina fusca {Stomoxys 

 fuscus) was described by Francis Walker [7], from a single 

 female from an unknown locality. In 1873 this species was 

 sunk by its author [46] as a synonym of Gl. longipalpis, Wied., 

 though, as is shown in the systematic portion of this work 

 (Ghapter IV., p. 100), it is in reality perfectly distinct and must 

 be maintained. 



The next species to be described were Glossina morsitans, 

 iachinoides, and tabaniformis, all of which date from Westwood's 

 paper in the Proceedings of the Zoological Society for 1850 [lo]. 

 Of these thi-ee species, as is shown in Ghapter IV., Gl. tachinoides, 

 from West Africa, is nothing more than a variety of Gl. palpalis, 

 Rob.-Desv., while Gl. tabaniformis, from the Gold Goast, is a 

 synonym of Gl. fusca, Walk. 



After the appearance of Westwood's paper came an interval 



* A Swedish botanist, who visited what was at that time the newly- 

 founded settlement of Freetown, Sierra Leone, so long ago as 1792 and 

 1794, and made general collections of objects of Natural History. The 

 existence of a Tsetse-fly in Sierra Leone was not recognised, however, 

 until the present writer found GL palpalis, Rob.-Desv. (at the time 

 supposed to be Gl. longipalpis, Wied.) there in 1899. — Gf. [162J. 



