84 CILOSSIXA MOESITANS.— LOCALITIE>S. 



Vai-ddii) [O.] ; 1 (^ , Grahamstown,* Cape Colony (purchasod 

 from Higgins, 1869) [O.] ; 1 (J, I $ Znluland [V.J; 2 ^ ^, 

 Little Crocodile R., two days' march from Barberton, Transvaal, 

 28. X. 1888 {B. Gmiosha)/) ; 2 ^ $ , I 9 , same locality and date 

 as the last (B. Crawshai/) [C] ; 1 ^ , Loewe's Creek, Barberton, 

 1893 (Dr. Percj/ BencfaU) [W. L. Distant]; ^ $ $, Tzende R.,t 

 Zoutpansberg District, N.E. Transvaal, 2, 3. vii, 1896 {C. Hesel- 

 ihte) ; 3 (J ^ , 1 9 ) between Tati and Gwailo R., Matabeleland, 

 1873 (F. Oates) [O.] ; 2 $ $, Beira Railway, Lower Pungwe 

 lliver, Portuguese East Africa, Oct. 1897: "Flew into railway 

 carriage at night, attracted by the light " {G. A. K. Marshall) ; 

 ■^ (? (?, 2 9 9, Umfuli R., Rhodesia, Sept. 1895 (G. A. K. 

 Marnhall); 1 ^, Northern Zambesia, between 15° aiid 18^ S.j 



were the first to bring to notice ; Vardon taking or sending to England 

 some he caught on his favourite horse." The year to which this refers 

 was apparently 184;5 (cf. Oswell, op. cit., pp. 3G, 87, 88). In a letter to 

 Wostwood, dated May, 1850 (published by Westwood, P.Z.S. 1850, p. 200), 

 Vardon speaks of "the fly of South Africa so destructive to cattle," and 

 further on he writes; "The specimens you saw cost nae one of the best 

 [horses] in my stud." Kirk (Journ. Linn. Soc, Zoology, Vol. VII., p. 150) 

 speaks of Vardon as having " hunted about the same time and in the same 

 region as Gordon Gumming," and a little later Kirk goes on to say : 

 " Major Vardon further performed a most interesting experiment. Aware 

 of the existence in certain districts of the Bechuana country of plants 

 poisonous to cattle (such as the ' Kofiwhane,' a species of Lasiosiphon), and 

 suspecting that some such herb might be the cause of the mischief 

 ascribed by the natives to the fly, he put the matter to the test by riding 

 his horse into a " Tsetse "-infested part, without dismounting or allowing 

 the animal to feed ; the result was the death of the horse." It can scarcely 

 be doubted that this incident is the same as that referred to by Vardon 

 himself in his letter to Westwood quoted above, and also alluded to as we 

 have seen by his companion Oswell. If so, the true locality of the type of 

 tU. morsitaiis may be regarded as established with sufficient certainty. 



* This locality also requires confirmation : the specimen is labelled, in 

 Westwood's handwriting — " Grahams Town, South Africa. Higgins, 

 1861)" ; but though Vardon was wrong in supposing that Glossina niorsitanfi 

 " is not met with south of the Tropic of Capricorn," further evidence is 

 needed before we can believe that it occurs in the South of Cape Colony, 

 within eighty miles of Port Elizabeth. 



t The total number of specimens of Gl. morsifanx brought back by 

 Mr. Hescltine from this locality was fifteen, all of which were males. 

 From maps kindly lent me by Mr. Heseltine, with the localities marked, 

 it appears that he fouiid the fly on the Singwedsi River, where it crosses 

 the boundary between the Transvaal and Portuguese E. Africa, just south 

 of Lat. '2S° S., and west of Long. 32'' R. This district is within thirty 

 miles of the valley- of the Limpopo^ and the Singwedsi runs S.E.- to join 

 Glifant's River, a tributary of the Limpopo. Mr. Heseltine also met with 

 the fly on the Great Letaba River, where it turns N.E. and crosses 

 Long. 31° E., while the specimens captured were taken on the Tzende 

 River where it crosses the Tropic of Capricorn, a few minutes west of 

 Long. 32° E. The Tzende River runs nearly due south to join the Great 

 "Letaba River, which falls into Olifant's River. AH these localities are -in 

 ■tiic N.E. corner of the Transvaal. < -. ■ .:'■ •^,.. ■■ >■ ,..,.- ..■•.-..■ i;.; 



