TSETSE MAY PEEISH WITH BIG GAME. 131 



animcals that are about to pass through a Tsetse district : 

 but this, through it proves a preventive at the time, is 

 not permanent. There is no cure yet known for the 

 disease. A careless herdsman, allowing a large number 

 of cattle to wander into a Tsetse district, loses all except 

 the calves ; and Sebituane once lost nearly the entire 

 cattle of his tribe — very many thousands — by unwittingly 

 coming under its influence. Inoculation does not insure 

 immunity, as animals which have been slightly bitten in 

 one year may perish by a greater number of bites in the 

 next ; but it is probable that with the increase of guns 

 the game will perish, as has happened in the south, and 

 the Tsetse, deprived of food, may become extinct simul- 

 taneously with the larger animals " (pp. 82-83). 



" Before reaching the Makondo rivulet, latitude 

 13° 23' 12" S., we came upon the Tsetse in such numbers, 

 that many bites were inflicted on my poor ox, in spite of 

 a man with a branch warding them off. The bite of this 

 insect does not aflfect the donkey as it does cattle. The 

 next morning, the spots on which my ox had been bitten 

 were marked by patches of hair, about half-an-inch broad, 

 being wetted by exudation (pp. 487-488). 



Tsetse met with on the banks of the Chiponga, which 

 joins the Kafue a few miles above its confluence with the 

 Zambesi. 



Figures of GJossina morsitans (enlarged) and mouth parts 

 (copied from Westwood's figures in P. Z. S., 1850), also 

 small rough woodcut of Tsetse, about natural size (from 

 figures supplied by Mr. J. E. Gray) (p. 571). 



The enlarged figure of the fly is also reproduced on the 

 title-page of the volume. 



22. 1857. Bracy Clark. 



" The Tzetze of Africa idea'tified v/ith GEstrus 

 Bovis" {The Zoologist, Vol. XV., pp. 5720-5721). 



A mistaken attempt to show that the Tsetse is identical 

 with the cattle Warble-fly {Qjiirus {Bypodenna) bovis). 



23. 1858. L. de Castelnau. 



" Suii LA Tsetse de l'Afrique austkale " (Complea 

 Bendus hebdomadaires des Seances de VAcademie des 

 Sciences, Tome Quaraate-Sixicme, pp. 984-986). 



The Tsetse " is generally found on bushes and reeds 



K L' 



