BUTTON'S OBSEliVATlONS IX EAST AFKICA. 133 



Major Vardon (again erroneously said to he from Lake 

 Tchad). (Transactions of the Entomological Society of 

 London, New Series, Vol. IV., pp. 89-90). Westwood 

 refutes Bracy's Clark's contention (vide 22) that Tsetse ia 

 merely another name for " (Estrus hovis.''* 



25. i860. Captain R. F. Burton. 



" The Lake Regions of Central Africa " (London : 

 Longman, Green, Longman, and Roberts), Vol. I., pp. 

 187, 276, 289; Vol. XL, pp. 18-19. 



" In this foul jungle [inland from Bagamoyo, bordering 

 the path leading from Mbumi along the right bank of the 

 Mukondokwa River to its ford], our men also suffered 

 severely from the Tzetze. This fly, the torment of Cape 

 travellers, was limited, by Dr. Livingstone, to the regions 

 south of the Zambezi River. A specimen, brought home 

 by me and submitted to Mr. Adam White, of the British 

 Museum, was pronounced by him to be a true Glossina 

 morsitans, and Mr. Petherick has fixed its limits about 

 eight degrees north of the equator. On the line followed 

 by the Expedition, the Tzetze was found extending from 

 Usagara westward as far as the Central Lakes ; its usual 

 habitat is the jungle-strip which encloses each patch of 

 cultivated ground, and in the latter it is rarely seen. It 

 has more pei'sistency of purpose even than the Egyptian 

 fly, and when beaten off it will return half a dozen times 

 to the charge ; it cannot be killed except by a smart 

 blow, and its long, sharp proboscis draws blood even 

 through a canvas hammock. It is not feared by the 

 naked traveller ; the sting is as painful as that of an 

 English horse-fly, and leaves a lasting trace, but this hard- 

 skinned people expect no evil consequences from it. In 

 the vicinity of Kilvva it was heard of under the name of 

 'kipanga,' the 'little sword'" (Vol. I., p. 187). 



Tsetse abundant at K'hoFho, in TJsenga (now German 

 East Africa) (Vol. I., p. 276). 



Tsetse in a thin forest of thorns and gimis, bare of bush 

 and underwood, near Jiwe la Mkoa, in Mgunda Mk'hali. — 

 " On the next day the road led through a thin forest of 

 thorns and gums, which, bare of bush and underwood, 

 aflbrded a broad path and pleasant, easy travelling. Sign 

 of elephant and rhinoceros, giraffe and antelope, crossed 



