152 STANLEY'S EXPERIENCE IN EAST AFEICA. 



Horses and donkeys streamed with blood, and reared and 

 kicked through the pain. So determined was it not to 

 be driven off before it obtained its fill, that it was easily 

 despatched ; but this dreadful enemy to cattle constantly 

 increased in numbers. The three species above named 

 are, according to natives, fatal to cattle ; and this may 

 perhaps be the reason why such a vast expanse of first- 

 class pasture is without domestic cattle of any kind, a 

 few goats only being kept by the villagers. This fly I 

 subsequently found to be the 'Tsetse'" (pp. 90-91). 



"On the 16th [June, 1871] we arrived at Madedita,* 

 so called from a village which was, but is now no more. 

 Madedita is twelve and a half miles from the Nghwhalah 

 Mtoni. A pool of good water a few hundred yards from 

 the roadside is the only supply caravans can obtain nearer 

 than Tui-a in Unyamwezi. The Tsetse or chufwa-fly, as 

 called by the Wasawahili, stung us dreadfully, which is a 

 sign that large game visit the pool sometimes, but must 

 not be mistaken for an indication that there is any in the 

 immediate neighbourhood of the water. A single pool so 

 often frequented by passing caravans, which must of 

 necessity halt here, could not be often visited by the 

 animals of the forest, who are shy in this part of Africa of 

 the haunts of man " (p. 213). 



"Monday, the 2nd of October [1871], found us tra- 

 versing the forest and plain that extends from the Ziwani 

 to Manyaraf, which occupied us six and a half hours. 

 The sun was intensely hot ; but the mtundu and miombo 

 trees grew at intervals, just enough to admit free growth 

 to each tree, while the blended foliage formed a grateful 

 shade. The path was clear and easy, the tamped and 

 firm red soil offered no obstructions. The only provocation 

 we suffered was from the attacks of the Tsetse, or Panga 

 (sword) fly, which swarmed here. We knew we were 

 approaching an extensive habitat of game, and we were 

 constantly on the alert for any specimens that might be 

 inhabiting these forests " (p. 330). 



" Bufialo gnats and Tsetse were very troublesome on 



* In Unj'anzi : approximate position, according to author's map, 

 34° 1' E. long., 5° 30' S. lat. 



t In Unyamwezi : approximate position of Manyara, according to the 

 author's map, 6^ S. lat., 32"^ 25' E. long. ; the Ziwani (or pool) is about 

 fifteen miles N.E. 



