188 ELEPHANTS ATTACKED BY TSETSE. 



of the Royal Geograjyhical Society and Monfhly Becord of 

 Geography. New Monthly Series. Vol. IV., pp. 277, 

 278, 283, 285-286, 288-289). 



(Four Indian elephants were purchased from the 

 authorities at Bombay by the Belgians belonging to the 

 African International Association. They were landed at 

 Msesani Bay, whence they marched to Dar-es-Salaara, 

 early in June, 1879. The expedition was commanded by 

 Captain F. F. Carter, who was joined by Mr. Rankin at 

 Zanzibar before starting. The Kingani River was crossed 

 at Gungu (lat. 7° 2' K, long. 38^ 37' E.) on July 14, 

 1879.) 



The elephants severely attacTced hy Tsetse beyond the 

 Kingani, near the Lungiva river at Charinzi ; they did not 

 contract the disease, although donkeys attacked at the same 

 time did so. 



" On July 17th [1879] we first saw the Tsetse-fly, in a 

 belt of country infested by it, through which we had been 

 marching since crossing the Kingani. We were now face 

 to face with one of the three problems the expedition had 

 specially to solve, viz., could the Indian elephant, being 

 removed by long captivity and by its artificial treatment 

 from the safeguards of the wild state, resist the attacks 

 of Tsetse, or would he, along with the ox, the horse and 

 the donkey, succumb to them ? The problem was solved, 

 and that in the hoped-for manner. The fly swarmed on 

 the elephants till blood trickled down their flanks in a 

 constant stream. For days they endured this ; and yet 

 they showed no prolonged signs of Tsetse poisoning — • 

 lassitude, melancholy, running at the eyes — either at the 

 prescribed time, viz., eight days, or afterwards, though they 

 seemed pained and distressed during the infliction. The 

 donkeys, on the other hand, sickened more and more after 

 this, and at Mpwapwa were in a dying condition " 

 (p. 277). 



" Our next camp was at Tumundu in the district 

 Kikunguri, chief Aceda Murumu ; it was on the line of 

 the lower road to Bagamoyo. The temperature was 

 891" F. ; height of position between 800 and 900 feet. 

 * * * * 



*' For the first time we now began to see giant creepers. 

 After passing some conical mountains we came to a tract 



