SCHOCirS THEOEY OF TSETSE-FLY DISEASE. 191 



a camel to run down, the excuse was that it was suffering 

 from this mysterious disease, the guffer. We were once 

 asked to look at a camel said to be suffering from this 

 complaint. It was certainly in miserably poor condition, 

 and at the time appeared to have a fit or convulsion 

 of some kind. It rolled on the ground, apparently in 

 great agony, and was only induced to get up after mucli 

 difficulty. Somehow or other it got through the day's 

 march, but was never afterwards good for much. Some 

 of the natives said this disease was caused by the bite of 

 the Tsetse-fly during the rainy season" (p. 129). 



82. 1883. Karl Kraepelin. 



"ZUR AnATOMIE UND PhYSIOLOGIE DES RiJSSELS VON 



Muse a" {Zeitschrift fiir Wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 39. 

 Band, pp. 683-719, Tafeln xl. und xli.) 



83. 1883. G. Schoch. 



" Die Tsetse fliegb Afrikas " (Mittheilungen der 

 Schweizerischen entomologischen Gesellschaft, Band 6. 

 Heft 10, October, 1883, pp. 685-686). 



"It is usual to designate by the name Tsetse-fly two 

 long-winged Muscidae of similar appearance, one as large 

 as our house-fly, the other somewhat larger, and less 

 dreaded. Their larvae are said to live in the dung of big 

 game " (p. 685). 



Reasons advanced (p. 686) for considering that the fly 

 is not poisonous, but " at most the carrier of a bacterium- 

 like poisonous matter." 



" We conclude, therefore, that the fly is not the 

 producer of the poison, but at most the carrier of a 

 miasma which arises here and there, and further that, 

 with more intimate knowledge of the active principle, the 

 disease can be successfully opposed, and will gradually 

 disappear " (p. 686). 



84. 1883. 



" Journal de Geneve," December 3. 



An article on the Tsetse-fly, with statements by a 

 certain H. F. Gros, with a view to showing that the 

 belief in the harmfulness of the Tsetse is mere prejudice. 

 [Apud F. M, Van der Wulp, Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 

 1885, p. cv. I have not seen this paper myself.] 



