PIMTXIITIVE SIZE OF CATTLE DUE TO TSETSE. 205 



as they had brought their goods to Gazungula by night, 

 drive their teams the same night back to the Leschumo 

 Valley 1 This precaution on their part seemed, however, 

 gradually to be neglected ; and, in spite of my remon- 

 strance, Coillard left his teams in Gazungula, since Mr. 

 AVestbeach's remark that there was ' no Tsetse-fly in 

 Gazungula ' carried more weight than my advice " 

 (p. 10-12). 



Tsetse-fly along the Mo-NjeJco River, and in the elevated 

 j)lain to the north of Masosa Village, on the southern confines 

 of Mashulculumhe Land. The Matoha in this didrict possess 

 cattle, sheep, goats and dogs, hut thei/ are dicarfed, and the 

 author thinks that this is due to the effects of fly-hite. — 

 Approximate geographical position of Masosa, according 

 to the author's map, 16^ 12' S., 28'' 7' E. 



" On this day [July 16, 1886] we had emerged from 

 the northern Matoka Highlands, and now stood on a 

 plain, which once more towards the north appeared to 

 descend to the Luenge, and was bounded only towards 

 the east and in the distance by a tract of highland, and 

 in the west by the elevation of laterite rock. This plain, 

 which extended in front of us far towards the east, north- 

 east and north, is stated by the Matoka to be a region 

 free from Tsetse-fly. Here were .situated a few cattle- 

 posts belonging to King Mo-Panza and certain of his 

 chiefs, who prided themselves not a little upon their 

 small stock of cattle. . . . The news about the Tsetse-fly 

 seemed to me to be absolutely incredible, for I satisfied 

 myself that down below on the river, but especially on the 

 further bank, even then, though it was winter, the Tsetse- 

 fly occurred in much greater numbers than at any of the 

 other places north of the Zambesi, though, unfoitunately, 

 we had found these localities everywhere infested by this 

 destructive insect. The Tsetse also existed on this plain, 

 and I think that the cattle that occur there have indeed 

 accommodated themselves to the poison of this fly, but 

 have remained so diminutive [the northern, or Maschu- 

 kulumbe race of the cattle belonging to the Matoka, 

 ' small cows and oxen not above middle size 'j owing to 

 the influence of the poisonous insect, that is, they have 

 degenerated, just as the Matoka in the Tsetse country are 

 able to keep only stunted sheep, goats and dogs " (p. 191). 



