SIE F. D, LUGARD ON BEITISH EAST AFEICA. 207 



113. 1891. J. M. F. Bigot 



Annates de la Societe Eniomologique de France, Annee 

 1891, Vol. LX., pp. 377-378. 



Original descriptions of Glossina grossa and Gl. 

 paliicera, 



114. 1892. J. A. Nkolls and W. EgHngton. 



*'The Sportsman in South Africa'* (London: The 

 British and Colonial Publications Company, and Simpkin, 

 Marshall, Hamilton, Kent & Company, Limited), pp. 1 7, 73. 



" Some Remarks on the Shooting Horse and the 

 Hunting of Large Game.— I£ we except those portions of 

 the low-lying and most unhealthy country on the East 

 Coast between the mouths of the Zambesi and Crocodile 

 Tlivers which are impenetrable to horses on account of 

 the presence of the Tsetse-fly pest, all the ordinary larger 

 game (if the Koodoo and different varieties of water- 

 loving antelopes be excluded) nowadays roam so far from 

 the permanent waters as to render hunting on foot 

 almost a sport of the past" (p. 17). 



*' In South-Central Africa, or, indeed, wherever the 

 Buffalo is met with in abundance, the Tsetse-fly (Glossina 

 morsitans) is everywhere prevalent." Symptoms of fly-bite 

 in horses and oxen. "Some authorities are willing to 

 account for this pest being always found in attendance 

 on the Buffalo by the fact that the insect hatches its 

 eggs in the skin or the dung of that animal " (p. 73). 



115. 1893. Captain F. D. Lugard, D.S.O- (now Sir F. D. Lug:ard. 



K.C.M.G,, ca). ' 



"The Rise of Our East African Empire" (Edin- 

 burgh and London : William Blackwood & Sons), Yol. L, 

 pp. 389-390, 390-391. 



" On the other hand, East Afi-ica has many great 

 advantages. It is practically free from the Tsetse-fly 

 {Glossina morsitans) ^hich arrests progress in South 

 Africa'' (pp. 389-390). 



« South Africa, as I have said, is at a disadvantage 

 by reason of the Tsetse-fly, which precludes all forms of 

 animal transport, and all agricultural methods which 

 depend on the use of the horse, bullock, or donkey, as 

 well as all stock-rearing farms. Hides, ghi, milk, and 

 beef are products which cannot be procured in the 



