216 MEANS OF EXTEEMINATIXG TSETSE. 



escaping. Yet over almost the whole of the region coloured 

 brown on my sketch-map * the Tsetse-fly is absent. It 

 is scarcely ever found above 3,000 feet. The Luangwa 

 Valley, on the other hand, is full of Tsetse, so are certain 

 portions of the Zambezi banks. 



"There is one hope as regards the extermination of 

 this fly, and that is, that it always dislikes the presence 

 of human beings and avoids human settlements. It also 

 seems to depend for its existence on large herds of game. 

 Therefore, by the increased settlement and population of 

 the country and the reducing the herds of wild animals, 

 •we may hope in time to exterminate the Tsetse to the 

 same extent as it has by the past action of man been got 

 rid of throughout the Soudan, where one never hears of 

 it, and likewise in the regions of the Xiger. It would be 

 very interesting if the authorities at the British Museum 

 would compile for use, from the information they possess, 

 a map showing the distribution of the Tsetse-fly in 

 Africa ; I mean of course of that species of Glossina, the 

 bite of which is fatal to horses, cattle and dogs. There 

 are other species of Glossina whose bite is apparently 

 innocuous. . . . Still, putting aside these occasional 

 epidemics or endemic sicknesses, cattle do very well in 

 such parts of South Central Africa which are free from 

 the Tsetse-fly, and which are provided with good pasture " 

 (p. 19). 



126. 1894. Sir Gerald Portal. 



" Reports Relating to Uganda by Sir Gerald 

 Portal." Presented to both Houses of Parliament by 

 command of Her Majesty, March, 1894. (London : 

 printed for Her Majesty's Stationery Oflice by Harrison 

 & Sons, St. Martin's Lane, Printers in Ordinary to Her 

 Majesty.) 



Page 6. — Report by Col. Francis Rhodes to Sir G. 

 Portal (dated "Kampala, April 2, 1893") "on the route 

 between Mombasa and Uganda": "We were told on no 

 account to bring ponies with us, as there was Tsetse-fly 

 between Zavo and Kibwesi. We saw no sign of it, and 

 the two ponies we brought with us did admirably, and 

 improved in condition on the road." 



* The Orography of British Central Africa. 



