294 TSETSE AND BUEEALO ON JUBA lUVEP.. 



unable at the time to substantiate this theoiy microscopically 

 owing to lack of the necessary materials, etc., for carrying on 

 investigations. 



Yours truly, 



William S, Radford, 

 Medical OJiccr, East Africa Protectorate. 



Nairobi, 



ith September, 1901. 



Mr. J. W. P. McClbllan to Sir Charles Eliot, K.C.M.G., C.B. 



Sir, — Referring to our conversation on the subject of 

 Tsetse-lly in the Jubaland Province, I would state that along 

 the Juba River where low-lying forest exists (my observations 

 cover a distance of some hundred and twenty miles from 

 Bulbula to Gele) Tsetse-fly abounds. The worst places are 

 damp, dark, and low-lying, shaded chiefly by the Ndoma Palm. 

 Ill many such localities there is little or no game and certainly 

 no Buffalo. 



On the other hand, from Mtudo northwards Buffalo are 

 found, especially in rainy weather and in the heat of the day 

 frequent the thickest depth of the forest ; here, too. Tsetse-fly 

 is found in large numbers, as also in the dry lake beds adjacent 

 to the river. At the same time half a mile or so away from the 

 river and lake beds in the dense dry bush, where Buffalo feed in 

 the early mornings and evenings, the fly does not appear. In 

 many places the areas in which fly exist are quite small, possibly 

 only a few hundred yards in extent, and I have seen a watering 

 place made entii-ely free of fly for the time being by cutting 

 down forest and undergrowth and burning the grass in the 

 immediate vicinity. Again, at Lake Hardinge (now dry), where 

 little or no forest exists, where Buffalo are frequently seen, and 

 always large herds of waterbuck, and Somalis graze their cattle 

 at all times of the year without ill effects. Passing on, however, 

 some thirty miles to the Rumbi forest on the Affmadu-road, 

 Tsetse-fly abounds, especially in wet weather. 



My opinion, therefore, is that Tsetse-fly is to be found in 

 certain dark, damp, low-lying localities, irrespective of big game 

 of any kind. 



I have, etc., 

 (Signed) J. W. P. McClellan. 



