EHOPALOCERA. 21 



of the Papilionidce are separated by tlie circumstance that in the 

 Fapilioninm the inner margin of the hind-wings is hollowed or curved 

 inwards, while in the Picrincv it is convexly prominent. 



The following tabular view of the Rhopalocera, in which only the 

 characters of the Perfect Insects are employed, may be found helpful in 

 determining the Family and Sub-Family to which any given butterfly 

 may belong. 



Sub-Order RHOPALOCERA. 



A. Antennae close together at origin ; tibiae of hind pair of legs with a 

 terminal pair of spurs only. 

 B. Tarsi of first pair of legs imperfect, and the whole limb much re- 

 duced in both sexes. 



Family I. — Nymph ALiDiE. 



c. Discoidal cell of hind-wings closed. 



d. Hind-wings without a pre-discoidal cell. 

 e. Palpi very short, slender. 



Sub-Family i. — Danaince. 



ee. Palpi of moderate length or long, not slender. 



/, Fore-wings short, broad ; their nervures often swollen at 

 the base. 

 Sub-Family 2. — Satyrinoe. 



ff. Fore-wings much elongated, narrow ; their nervures 

 never swollen at the base. 

 g. Tarsal claws without appendages, but much enlarged 

 basally ; head of moderate breadth. 

 Sub-Family 4. — Acrceince. 



gg. Tarsal claws with paronychia and pulvillus ; head 

 very broad. 

 Sub-Family 5. — Heliconinoi. 



dd. Hind-wings with a pre-discoidal cell. 

 Sub-Family 3. — BrassoUnce. 



cc. Discoidal cell of hind-wings open or incompletely closed. 

 Sub-Family 6. — NymphalinoB. 



BE. Tarsi of first pair of legs imperfect in male, perfect in female. 

 Family II. — Erycinid^. 



lu Palpi very long. 



Sub-Family i. — Libythceince. 



hh. Palpi of moderate length or short. 



i. Subcostal nervure of fore-wings with four branches. 

 Sub-Family 2. — Nenieobiince. 



ii. Subcostal nervure of fore-wings with from two to four 

 branches ; radial (or discoidal) nervule of hind-wings 

 intimately connected with subcostal nervure. 

 Sub-Family 3. — Eurygoninoe. 



