102 SOUTH- AFRICAN BUTTERFLIES. 



From one of these pupse I hatched a $ Cassus on i8th September, the pupal 

 state having lasted thirty days. The larvae fed on a grass. 



This Leptoneura is not uncommon in the Western Districts of the Cape 

 Colony, but local in its habits, preferring hilly or elevated stations. It flies 

 from the end of September to the middle of December, and is conspicuous on 

 the wing from its dark colouring. In flight it resembles its allies, keeping 

 near the ground and often settling, but it is rather swifter than L. Clytus. I 

 captured the paired sexes near Worcester on the 2 2d October 1863. 



The occurrence of this species in Madagascar, for which in 1867 the only 

 evidence known to me was a specimen labelled witli that locality in the British 

 ^Museum, has of late years been established ; and the butterfly has been figured 

 as Ypthima Cassus in the plates of M. Grandidier's great work on the Mala- 

 gasy fauna, which were shown to me by Mr. H. Grose Smith in 18S1. 



Localities of Leptoneura Cassus. 



I, South Africa. 

 B. Cape Colony. 



a. Western Districts. — Cape Town. Simon's Town. Vogel Vley, 

 Tulbagh District. Worcester. Hex River, Worcester District 

 {L. Perincjuey). Springbokfontein, Namaqualand District {G. 

 A. Reynolds). 

 h. Eastern Districts. — Zwaarte Ruggens, Uitenhage District (J. H. 

 Boioher). Murraysburg (/. /. Muskett). 



II. Other African Regions. 

 A. South Tropical. 

 hb. Madagascar. — Coll. Brit. Mus. 



25. (7.) Leptoneura Oassina, Butler. 



? Leptoneura Cassina, Butl., Cat. Sat. Brit. Mus., p. 72, pi. ii. f. 12 (1868). 

 Leptoneura Cassus (Linn.), [part]. Trim., Rhop. Afr. Aust., ii. p. 196 (1866). 

 Leptoneura Oassina, Trim., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1868, p. 283. 



Exp. al., {$) I in. 9-10 lin. ; ($) 2 in. 



^ Very dark-brown, with a purplish gloss ; fore-wing suffused with 

 deep ferruginous-fulvous {sometimes almost obsolete^. Fore-wing : apical 

 ocellus as in L. Cassus (Linn.), but not so well defined, and sometimes 

 tripupillate ; dark-fulvous usually more restricted than in Cassus, and 

 rarely extending as far as ocellus. Hind-wing : ocelli beyond middle 

 very indistinct (especially their fulvous rings), seldom exceeding tliree 

 in number. Under side. — Hind-wing and costal and apical border of 

 fore-wing rather paler than on upper side, irrorated uneqxmlly loith 

 whitish or hoary-grey scales. Fore-tving : as in Cassus, except for rather 

 dense hoary scaling just at apex. Hind-wing: whitish irroration thickest 

 immediately beyond inner transverse dark streak, and between discal 

 row of ocelli and hind-margin (especially at and near apex) ; ocelli 

 very obscure, except as regards the inner portions of their rings, which 

 form conspicuous, thin, whitish lunules or lunulate spots. 



$ Fulvous better defined, especially in rings of ocelli in hind-wing ; 

 ground-colour quite as dark as in $. Under side. — Fulvous of fore- 



