2 00 SOUTH- AFKICAN BUTTERFLIES. 



ties of continents, and especially by its presenting three qnite distinct 

 species in a country so exceptionally devoid of bntterfly-life as New 

 Zealand. 



60. (1). Pyrameis Cardui, (Linn.) 



rajy'dio Cardui, Linn., Syst. IsTat., i. 2, p. 774, n. 157 (1767). 



Papilio Carduelis, Cram., i. p. 40, t. 26, If. b, f (1775).^ 



Vanessa Cardui, Godt., Euc. Meth., i.x. p. 323, n. 62 (1819). 



Cijnthia Cardui, Steph,, 111. Brit. Ent. — Ilaust., i. p. 47 (1827). 



Fyrajneis Cardui, Uoubl, Gen. Diurn. Lep., p. 105 (1849). 



Pyrameis Cardui, Trimen, Rhop. Afr. Aust., i. p. 119, 11. 73 (1862). 



Aberr. — Vaiicssa Cardui, Hcrr.-Scliaff., Schmett. Eur., i. p. 41, ff. 157-158 



(1844). 

 Abcrr. — I'yrameis Cardui, var., Trimen, oj). cit., ii. p. 335 (1866). 



Larva and Pupa. 



{European.) Duponcliel, Icongr. et Hist. Nat. des Chenilles, i. p. 107, 



pi. xii. If. 42 a, h, c (1849). 

 {Javanese.) Horsf. and Moore, Cat. Lep. E. I. C. Mus., i. pi. v. ff. 3, 



3a (1857). 

 {Cingalese.) Moore, Lep. Ceyl., p. 51, pi. 27, f. la (18S1). 



Exp. al., 2 in. 2 lin. — 2 in, 7 lin. 



Paler or darker salmon-red, incliniyij to orange-ochrcous, varied with 

 hlacJc ; apical portion of fore-wing Mack spotted vjith wJdte. Fore-wing : 

 basal portion blackish, thickly dusted with golden scales; in discoidal 

 cell a short, rather broad, black, transverse mark, the lower edge of 

 which almost touches the upper point of an irregulai', angulated, black 

 marking, commencing on inner-margin beyond middle, and thence, 

 arching outwardly, extending along first median nervule into discoidal 

 cell ; apical black extending fully half-way along costa, its inner edge 

 forming two deep, irregularly-angulate indentations on the salmon-red 

 ground-colour, and containing an elongate, abruptly-truncate, white 

 stripe from costa, divided into three by nervules, beyond which is a 

 curved row of four white spots from costa to first median nervule, 

 parallel to hind-margin ; two rows of lunules along hind-margin, the 

 outer row ochreous, the inner whitish, becoming half obliterated towards 

 anal angle ; fringe chequered black and white. Hind-^ving : costal, 

 basal, and inner-marginal portions broadly blackish, the two latter 

 dusted with golden scales, and inner-marginal region with long, silky, 

 golden hairs ; a little beyond middle a transverse blackish stripe, thin 

 near costa, but suddenly thickening on third median nervule, unites 

 costal and inner-marginal blackish ; beyond this stripe are three rows 

 of spots parallel to hind-margin, — the first consisting of four or five 

 r junded black spots between nervules, — the second of sub-lunular spots, 

 sometimes contiguous, between nervules (of which the fifth spot, at 



^ Cramer states that liis specimen came from the Cape of Good Hope. His figure of the 

 under side is not good. 



