NYMPHALIX^. 303 



produced in apical portion ; costa usually rather strongly arched ; apex 

 not pronounced ; hind-margin slightly sinuated, slightly or moderately 

 concave about middle ; inner margin almost straight ; costal nervure 

 strong, ending considerably beyond middle ; first and second subcostal 

 nervules arising (the former at some distance, the latter considerably) 

 before extremity of discoidal cell, — third at a little distance beyond 

 extremity of cell and extending to apex, — fourth very short, arising not 

 very far before, and terminating a little below, apex ; upper disco-cel- 

 lular nervule extremely short, — middle one short, slightly curved, — 

 lower one rather long, oblique, slightly curved, very slender, joining 

 third median nervule at a little distance beyond its origin ; discoidal 

 cell short, rather wide at extremity. Hind-wings broad, in ^ somewhat 

 (rarely much) produced in anal angular portion ; precostal nervure 

 strong, much curved ; costal nervure extending to apex ; upper disco- 

 cellular nervule united to second subcostal nervule not far from the 

 latter's origin, — lower one very attenuated, sliglitly curved, joining 

 third median nervule at or just beyond its origin ; d'scoidal cell very 

 short, rather narrow ; internal nervure strong, rather short ; costa very 

 convex at base, and thence moderately arched (more so in ^) ; hind- 

 margin more sinuated than in fore- wings ; anal angle rather marked 

 (rarely projecting as a short "tail"); inner margins very convex, 

 forming a deep complete groove to beyond middle. Fore-legs of ^ 

 rather large ; femur hairy beneath, — tibia and tarsus densely fringed 

 with rather long hair, — the latter joint nearly half as long as the former ; 

 of the $ larger and longer, scaly, with only the femur hairy, — tarsus 

 rather long, indistinctly articulated, sharply spinulose beneath towards 

 extremity. Middle and Ivind legs thick, rather long ; tibias slightly 

 spinose above, strongly so beneath, — the terminal spurs long and rigid ; 

 tarsi long and thick, veiy spinose throughout, but more strongly so 

 beneath. 



Abdomen compressed, rather short, hairy on back near base. 



Among the characters given above, those which best distinguish 

 Uuphcedra are the broad head, small short palpi, very long straight 

 antennee, closed wing-cells, very short fourth subcostal nervule of the 

 fore-wings, thick spinose legs, and very robust thorax. The last-named 

 feature reaches its extreme in SJ. Ferseis (Urury), but is almost as 

 marked in F. Fleus (Dru.), where the volume of the thorax is larger 

 proportionally than in the most robust Charaxcs. 



The colouring of the majority of the species is above black glossed 

 more or less with dark-greenish or bluish-purple, and marked in the 

 fore-wings with a bluish-whitish or dull-yellow subapical bar, and in 

 the hind-wings with a central space of greenish or bluish inclining to 

 whitish in the middle ; while beneath the surface is of a yellowish- or 

 bronzy-green, with numerous sub-basal and submarginal black spots, 

 and in some species basal or discal spaces of purplish-crimson. A 

 section of the genus, however, distinguished by the extraordinary size 



