Dr. J. E. Gray on Chelonians. 307 



This genus was first figured by Lacdp^de in 1788, in his 

 'Quadr. Ovipai;.' t. xi., under the name of "La Chagrin^e," 

 from a specimen sent by Sonnerat from India. He does not 

 represent the sternum, but only says it has seven callosities — 

 three in front, two in the middle, and two behind ; so that it 

 is impossible to determine to which it belongs. Shaw copies 

 Lac^p^de's figure under the name of Testudo granidata. 



Schoepf, in his 'History of Tortoises' (1792)*, figures Tes- 

 tudo granosa^ both the back and front (t. xxx. & xxx. b), from a 

 specimen in the collection of Dr. Bloch, who received it from 

 Dr. Johns from the Coromandel coast. He confounds it with the 

 Testudo punctata of Lacepfede and the Testudo triunguis of 

 Forskal. This figure represents the species with oblong, 

 diverging, separate posterior sternal callosities ; and therefore 

 it is for this species that the name of granosa must be retained. 



GeofFroy, in his memoir on Trionyx (Ann. Mus. 1809, vol. 

 xiv.), describes a T/ionyx coromandelicus as having seven 

 callosities on the sternum, without saying any thing about their 

 shape, and only figures the bones of the back ; but from the 

 habitat he quotes, Coromandel, and the observation of Cuvier 

 quoted below, I have no doubt it was this species from conti- 

 nental India. 



I figured the species from continental India with diverging 

 posterior callosities, under the name of Trionyx jninctatus, in 

 my 'Illustrations of Indian Zoology;' and it is figured under 

 the same name in the ' Tortoises, Terrapins, and Turtles.' 



2. Emyda ceylonensis. 



The hinder pair of callosities united by a straight central 

 longitudinal suture the whole of their length, each of a quadran- 

 gular shape, the hinder end being much narrower than the 

 front ; the odd front callosity subcircular, being nearly as long 

 as broad. 



Cuvier, in the 'Ossemens Fossiles,' evidently believed that 

 the form of the hinder callosities altered with age, not observing 

 their different directions. Thus he describes and figures the 

 hinder pair as forming a quadrilateral which is broader in 

 front (vol. V. p. 207, t. xii. f. 47) ; and he observes that M. 

 GeofFroy, in the 'Ann. Mus.,' has described those of a young 

 individual of this species, in Avhich the two hinder callosities 

 have not yet united to form a quadrilateral ; this is why he 



* It is curious that in the copy of this work (publislied in 1792) 

 in the library of Sir Joseph Uanks, which has been in the museum ever 

 since his death, I had to cut open the pages I wanted to examine, showing 

 how little original works are consulted. 



20* 



