Dr. J. E. Gray on Pigs and their Skulls. 439 



canines of the female Phacochoerus cethiopicus, which, as 

 Riippell and Sundevall say and the specimen in the museum 

 proves, are very like those of the male, only they are smaller 

 and more elongate. 



There is a skull of this pig in the British Museum from the 

 Cape-Verd Islands, which is exactly like the skulls of the 

 other Phacochoerus cRtMopicus. 



If the animal is to be distinguished from the common Pha- 

 cochoerus oithiopicus by the small size and oval form of and 

 short hair on its ears, it is not the Cape-Verd hog of Buffon 

 and certainly not of Pennant, from which Gmelin described 

 Sus africamis. Indeed it is very probable that the head which 

 Pennant described from the Cape of Good Hope in the Leverian 

 Museum, which he says has the ears "narrow, upright, pointed, 

 and tufted with very long bristles," was the head of the common 

 African pig [Potamochoerus africanus), peculiar for having 

 " narrow elongate ears, with tufts at the end," — and that his 

 description is made up of two genera ; for Buffon's description 

 of the skull of the "Sanglier du Cap Vert " is evidently that 

 of a Phacochoerus J and, I believe, of P. (Bthiojncus with broad 

 hairy ears, because that animal always has two cutting-teeth 

 in its upper jaw in the very young state, and there is no doubt 

 tliat one or both drop out before the animal arrives at maturity, 

 and their presence or absence is a mere accident, and not a 

 specific character. 



It cannot be -iElian's Phacochoere {Phacochxrus ^liani of 

 Ruppell), as that was first described and figured as having 

 (and the typical specimen that is in the British Museum has) 

 large, broad, hairy ears, like the figure of the male given by 

 Dr. Sclater as the type of Phacoclioenis oithiopicus. 



If the animal in the Zoological Gardens does not as it grows 

 older have the ears become broader and more hairy, like the 

 ears in the adult male and female Phacochoerus mthiopicus^ it 

 must be a distinct species, to which my name of Phacochoerus 

 Sclateri will have to be given. 



See Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 1870, vi. pp. 189,264,455, and 

 1871,viii. p. 138. See also Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 78,t.xvii., 

 where two young animals, then in the Zoological Gardens, 

 from Natal, with small oval ears, are noticed and figured ; 

 they were said to be fifteen months old. But can these be the 

 animals that were afterwards called in the Gardens Phacochoerus 

 (BthiopicuSj and had large hairy cars ? 



