36 IN MEMORIAM. 



jurious, even should it become abundant in hop gardens. 

 Here I have only met with it on wild hops. (1840.) 



Laverna Raschkiella, Zell., Heyden (E. Z. 1862, p. 

 364). The larva occurs from the middle of June to the 

 beginning of July, and then again from the middle of Sep- 

 tember to the middle of October, mining the leaves of 

 Epilohium angustifolium. When young the mine is 

 narrow, more or less serpentine, but afterwards becomes 

 broader, often occupying the entire half of the leaf. 

 The full-fed larva quits the mine, and spins a rather flat, 

 oval, paper-like, yellowish-white cocoon, which is sometimes 

 furnished with a longitudinal keel, and therein assumes the 

 pupa state. The imago is developed in May and early in 

 June, and the second brood at the end of July and begin- 

 ning of August. (1837.) 



I have bred this species from larvae from the Frankfort 

 wood, from the Taunus mountains, from Auerbach in the 

 Odenwald, from Rippoldsau in the Black Forest, and from 

 the neighbourhood of Mayence. 



Laverna phragmitella, Stainton, Heyden (E. Z. 

 1863, p. 111). During an excursion made by several 

 Entomologists to the peat- trenches at Pfungstadt on the 

 30th of March, 1862, Lieutenant Saalmiiller found the 

 larva of this species (not previously detected in Germany) 

 in the last year's heads of Typha latifolia. They live 

 gregariously in multitudes in the wool amongst the seeds, 

 with no peculiar web, and appeared then to be requiring 

 no more nourishment. They were very sluggish, and let 

 themselves drop by a thread. 

 .. In May the larva spins among the seed-wool a narrow, 



