156 On a new Pupoid Type of Helicide. 
Mr. Protz’s figure and description of the genitalia show 
the penis to be short, suddenly narrowing above; this narrow 
portion is not, as he supposed, part of the penis, but is an 
epiphallus, the penis being only the large lower portion, which 
at its apex undoubtedly contains a fleshy wall, and probably 
a papilla perforated for the passage downward of the contents 
of the epiphallus. The latter bears at its middle the retractor 
muscle, and terminates in the vas deferens and a flagellum. 
The vagina bears above two blind sacs, one containing a 
curved “ dart’ with short blades at apex, the other empty. 
Both of these I take to be dart-sacs, and in this case the 
mucous glands are atrophied. The globular spermatheca is 
borne upon a long duct, which branches at about its lower 
third in a short diverticulum. 
This combination of characters occurs in but one group of 
mollusks, viz. that group or subfamily of Helicidee which the 
writer has called Belogona. Nothing of the sort is known in 
Pupide or among the Bulimi. And since Cylindrus lacks 
lobed or flattened mucous glands inserted upon the dart-saes 
themselves, which are characteristic of the Belogona Huadenia, 
it evidently belongs to the division Belogona Siphonadenia, 
in which the mucous glands are tubular and inserted upon 
the vagina above the dart-sac or sacs, but are occasionally 
atrophied in part or entirely. 
Among the genera of Belogona Siphonadenia, Cylindrus 
resembles Helicella (Xerophila, Held.) in the conspicuously 
earthy texture and blunt unexpanded lip of the shell; also in 
the doubling of the dart-sac, of frequent occurrence in Heli 
cella. It may be added that Helicel/a has given rise to some 
forms with the spire high and conical, the umbilicus reduced 
or absent, such as JZ, (Cochlicella) ventricosa, Drap., and 
acuta, Mull. On the other hand, Cylindrus differs from all 
known forms of Helzcella in the compactly cylindrical contour 
of the shell, the small globular spermatheca on a very long 
duct, and the branching of that duct to form a diverticulum ; 
species of the other genus having a spermatheca of irregular 
elongated form on a duct which is invariably branchless and 
of moderate length or short. ‘The most remarkable feature of 
Helicella, however, remains to be noticed. The right eye- 
stalk is retracted to the left of the genital system, not between 
the male and female branches, as in ordinary Helices. It is 
much to be regretted that Mr. Protz neglected to state the 
position of this retractor muscle in Cylindrus, for an important 
clue is thus lost to us. Should this detail of musculature 
prove to be as in J/elicella, it is clear that the position of 
Cylindrus in the system will be between Leucochroa, an 
