Regeneration of Limbs in the Mantidse. 117 



taken place in very young larvse, I have seen the repro- 

 duced limb attain in the interval between two moults to the 

 size of the corresponding limb which had persisted. Such 

 perfection, which ought also to be reached in certain cases 

 among the Biattidfe, is never so great in the Phasmidse. In 

 fact, the smallest difference that 1 have been able to note in 

 members of this family between correspon'ling limbs, one 

 normal and one replaced, has been 4 mm. at least, and 

 consequently noticeable enough. I must add an important 

 point : whilst in Mantidas and Blattidse the regenerated limb 

 becomes rectilinear directly after the moult which liberates it, 

 and in the majority of instances is ready to do work imme- 

 diately, this is never the case in Phasmida, for the newly 

 formed leg unrolls itself bit by bit, and does not become 

 definitely rectilinear until after the second moult which follows 

 the automatic mutilation. 



III. I have been able to determine in the MantidjB that 

 apart from tiie region of t!ie trochaiitero-femoral articulation, 

 the regenerative power is still apparent in the tarsus and in 

 the extreme terminal part of the tibia after artificial amputa- 

 tion. Tiie regenerated tarsus is four-jointed. The position 

 of the regenerative surfaces is the same in all the three 

 families in the Orthoptera pentamera*. 



In order that there may be regeneration when artificial 

 severance of the predatory legs is resorted to in the Mautidte 

 the tarsi alone must be injured. Although impeded by this 

 mutilation, the Mantids can nevertheless seize their prey. 

 If the least part of the tibia is wounded, the Orthopteron is 

 unable to catch insects, and quickly dies of hunger if not 

 from loss of blood. 



Up to the present tetramerous regeneration of the tarsus 

 has been observed in eighteen species of Orthoptera penta- 

 mera spread over the three families. The names of the 

 insects are appended : — 



A. Phasmid^ (Ed. Bordage's experiments). — Monandro- 

 ptera inuncans^ Raphiderus scabrosus, Eurycantha 

 horrida^ Phyllium siccijolium f. 



* This is not surprising seeing that the same causes which bring about 

 the mutihitions (among the number of which it sliould be pointed out in 

 the first place are the great strains brought to bear during moulting upon 

 such fragile structures as the tarsus). We shall prove the same point in 

 the case of the Orthoptera saltatoria. Among the Phasmidse one must 

 include the tarsal mutilations caused by the egg-shell (see ' Comptes 

 Eeudus Soc. Biologie,' Meeting of July 30, 189S, E. Bordage, '' Sur les 

 localisations des surfaces de regen(5ration chez les Phasmides ''). 



t Bull. Soc. entom. de France, 1898, no. 16, pp. 306 & 307. 



