VOL. XIII.] THE PIED AND WHITE WAGTAILS. 39 



can be confused easily with the female White Wagtail as 

 explained in paragraph 6. 



8. First Winter and Summer White Wagtail. In ivinter 

 can be distinguished more certainly than the adult female 

 from any Pied Wagtail, because it has no black on the crown 

 and only very rarely indeed does any white show on the 

 fore-head. In summer it is also rather easier to distinguish 

 from the Pied because there is less white on the fore-head 

 and more white on the chin and usually more grey and less 

 black on the crown than in the adult female White Wagtail. 



Juveniles. 



9. These are alike in the two forms, except that the White 

 Wagtail is usually rather paler on the upper-parts and has 

 no black on the fore-head, which in the Pied Wagtail is 

 blackish. 



