48 BRITISH BIRDS. [vol. xiii. 



doubtful date on the west coast of the northern half. The 

 breeding population was therefore two, and possibly three or 

 more pairs, as the east coast no doubt has suitable localities, 

 but cannot be worked to any extent. 



The same number of birds was about the island in September 

 and no fluctuation was noticed. The Pen Cristin pair still 

 stuck very much to the east bay, the others were mostly seen 

 feeding on the stubbles. 



A single record from the lighthouse of a flock of " Crows " 

 (250) seen flying east on December 23rd, 1913, would probably 

 refer to the Rook (C. /. frugilegus), which, however, has not 

 yet been recorded from the island. 



The Jackdaw {Coleus monedula spermologus) . 



Resident. 



Breeds numerously in the low cUE below the grassy 

 slopes all round the north and east sides of the mountain, 

 but apparently not elsewhere. In June 1913 constantly 

 seen about the farms, where they came to pick up scraps, 

 with which they flew over the mountain to feed their young 

 on the other side. The first young bird was seen visiting 

 the farms for food with the adults on the 19th. 



In September most of the birds were assembled in a flock, 

 comprising about thirty individuals and nearly all, if not all 

 of them, adults and in full moult. The young of the year, 

 therefore, as with the Choughs, had already left the island. 

 The flock was constantly seen feeding on the stubbles. 



The Chough {Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax) . 



Resident. 



Mr. Aplin's observations suggest that there may have been 

 two breeding pairs in that year. 



In June 1913 Mr. Chapman, one of the lightkeepers, who 

 had been on the island three years, told me that the year he 

 came a pair of Choughs nested in the low cliff on the east 

 side near the lighthouse, and the birds were constantly seen 

 about the two bays, but that he had not seen a Chough since, 

 so that it is evident that any breeding at the northern end of 

 the island do not often wander far from the mountain. In 

 this year there was one breeding pair, whose nest was pre- 

 sumably on the north or east side. On June 12th the five 

 young were on the wing with their parents, and some of 

 them were seen almost every time I visited the north or east 

 sides of the mountain, but they were not seen elsewhere. 

 The young were still being fed by their parents on the 13th, 



