to the Tabulation in the Foraminifera. 421 



the chambers with that observed in Nummulites and Orbitoides. 

 In the second place, he shows by clear descriptions and figures 

 that the relation of the canal-system to the fine tubulation is 

 precisely that which he had demonstrated in more recent 

 nummuline and rotaline Foraminifera. In the third place, 

 he adduces additional facts to show that in some specimens of 

 Eozoon the calcareous skeleton has been filled with calcite 

 before the introduction of any foreign mineral matter. He 

 concludes the argument in the following words : — ' I have thus 

 shown,'" &c. (See the rest in Dr. Dawson's book, and in the 

 'Annals,' I. c. vol. xiii. p. 463.) 



Now I do not hesitate to state that the woodcut to which I 

 have alluded, and which is one of the " clear figures " to which 

 Dr. Dawson alludes, does not show " that the relation of the 

 canal-system to the fine tubulation is precisely that which he 

 [Dr. Carpenter] had demonstrated in more recent nummuline 

 and rotaline Foraminifera," — inasmuch as it is impossible to 

 demonstrate that which is utterly at variance with the principle 

 on which a Foraminiferous test is constructed. 



This is a decided expression ; but having published nearly 

 as much of the anatomy of the Foraminifera in 1852 ('Annals,' 

 vol. x. p. 161, pi. iv.) and, subsequently, in a more general 

 form, in 1861 [ibid. vol. viii. p. 309 et seq. pis. xv., xvi., 

 xvii.) as I have of the Spongida during the present year, and 

 having now before me perhaps one of the finest collections of 

 Operculine, Nummuline, and Acervuline Foraminifera that 

 exist, both fossil and recent, simple and infiltrated (that is, 

 with the original cavities of the canal-system, tubulation, and 

 chambers filled with red oxide of iron to the minutest degree), 

 together with a knowledge of the active living animal in a 

 recent state gained here on the sea-side, and the typical piece 

 of the so-called "Eozoon canadense" submitted by Dr. Car- 

 penter to Professors King and Rowney for conviction, I claim 

 to have a voice in the matter, and to be allowed to state in- 

 structively what the real relation of the canal-system is to the 

 so-called "nummuline tubulation" in the Foraminiferal test. 



For this, then, I must premise (what, I fear, judging from 

 that which others have published on the subject, is so little 

 understood generally) : — First, that in the ammonite-like 

 form of Opercidina, where the chambers are only one deep and 

 therefore all the chambers on the same plane, the tubuli of the 

 chambers (that is, the " nummuline tubulation ") go straight 

 from the roof of the chamber to the surface of the Oj>erculi?ia } 

 thereby affording not only the shortest but the most direct 

 communication with the exterior that the sarcode and its con- 

 tents, with which the chamber is exclusively filled, can obtain ; 



