84 Gbe Warbler 



1901) I paid particular attention to the many species of Warblers inhabiting 

 the swamp or the adjoining woods. Late in May and during the entire 

 month of June all the thickets, the spruces, the tamaracks and white cedars 

 resound with the clear notes of many species. Most of these songs have a 

 strong family likeness, but they are easily distinguished by the expert ob- 

 server who has a good ear for the little differences in bird music. 



Though I have not had the time to spend many days in this mosquito- 

 infested swamp, I am certain that quite a number of species breed there, 

 having found several nests of the Golden-winged Warbler and the Maryland 

 Yellow-throat on the ground, while on June 10, 1901, I was fortunate enough 

 to discover the nest of the Black-throated Blue Warbler in a small red osier 

 only about twenty inches from the ground. On the same day I found a nest 

 of the most beautiful of all our species, the Blackburnian Warbler, in the 

 top of a dense black spruce about 8 feet from the ground. The year preced- 

 ing I had discovered a nest of the Black-throated Green Warbler in a spruce 

 only about a hundred feet from the spot where I found the Blackburnian's 

 nest. Yellow Warblers, Chestnut-sided Warblers and Redstarts are very 

 numerous in the adjoining woods along the edge of the swamp and the 

 very characteristic and unmistakable lay of the Parula Warbler is frequently 

 heard in the tops of tall tamaracks and other forest trees. 



Other species observed during the entire month of June, and that very 

 likely breed here, were the following: Bay-breasted, Cerulean and Pine War- 

 blers, the Orange-crowned, Connecticut, Wilson's and Canadian Warblers. 

 It may be interesting to state that I also observed the Prothonotary Warbler 

 and the Worm-eating Warbler — both decidedly Southern species which I 

 found very common in southern Missouri — several times during June. Other 

 species are exceedingly abundant during the spring and fall migrations, and 

 close observations of painstaking and reliable ornithologists may reveal the 

 fact that still more species may be summer residents here. 



Catbirds are very abundant, and so are the Swamp Sparrows. Thrash- 

 ers are numerous in the thickets of the woods particularly where dense 

 thickets of viburnum (V. prunifoliuni) and wild crab trees, overgrown with 

 grape vines, occur. Baltimore Orioles, Wood Thrushes, Yellow-billed Cuc- 

 koos, Scarlet Tanagers, Robins, Wood Pewees, Indigo Buntings, Song 

 Sparrows, Cedar Birds, Chipping Sparrows, Rose-breasted Grosbeaks, Red- 

 eyed Vireos and Phoebes are very abundant in the woods and parks around 

 Elkhart Lake. 



Different songs strike our ear, while entering and roaming around in 

 the swamp. The most beautiful and characteristic chant, nay the most en- 

 chantingly sweet lay after that of the Hermit, re-echos from all sides in the 

 early morning hours and again when the evening falls. We hear the notes 

 near us and far away. Their charm is indescribable. It is the ideal song 

 and every note penetrates deeply into our hearts. It can be compared to 



