Gbe Marbler 33 



States (where I sought for them for many years in vain.) They have now 

 extended their summer migrations as far North, at least, as Boston. 



The Cliff Swallow, a Mexican species, was first seen on the banks of 

 the Ohio in 1815. These birds excited much interest from the peculiar 

 structure of their nests, built of mud and clustered together resembling a 

 bunch of gourds. From year to year they continued to increase, and ad- 

 vance eastwardly in their migrations till they have now extended across the 

 Continent as far as Canada and Maine. 



The Olive-sided Flycatcher {Muscicapa cooperi) has but recently made 

 its appearance in the North, and on the Mountains of Virginia, and in the 

 latter situations the newly-described Bewick's Wren of Audubon ( Troglody- 

 tes Bewickii) has supplanted all the other species of that Genus. The Fork- 

 ed-tailed Flycatcher {Muscicapa savana, Bonap-) has only within a few 

 years commenced leaving the tropical wilds of Guiana, and a few stray birds 

 of that species are almost annually seen in the middle states. The Solitary 

 Flycatcher {Vireo solitarius, J r ieill) which was so rare with us ten or twelve 

 years ago that scarcely a bird of that species could be found in a year, has 

 of late become so abundant that in the month of February five or six can be 

 counted in particular situations near our city in a single clay, and their sweet 

 notes from a considerable addition to the concerts of our feathered choir. 

 The Orange-crowned Warbler {Sylvia celata.) so long confined to the far 

 West and the Orange groves of Florida, has become equally common in our 

 immediate neighborhood. The Pectoral Sandpiper {Pelidna pectoralis) and 

 the Long-legged Sandpiper {Tringa himantopus, Bonap), which were formerly 

 so exceedingly rare that Wilson knew nothing of their existence, 'are now 

 found every summer in small numbers along our Seacoast. It may not be 

 unworthy of remark in this place and in confirmation of the views now ad- 

 vanced that no less than eight or nine species of birds have recently been 

 discovered in the neighborhood of this City. A few of these may have 

 long existed in the country and escaped the researches of former Naturalists, 

 but I am under an impression that some may have but recently come among 

 us. From specimens in various stages of plumage which I possess of the 

 Long-legged Sandpiper I am disposed to believe that Swainson and Rich- 

 ardson in their Fauna Boreali- Americana have been deceived by the varia- 

 tions in the plnmage and size to which this bird is subject, and have describ- 

 ed it three times under the names of Tringa himantopus, T. Audubonii and T. 

 Douglassii. From hence we may easily perceive that after all the additions 

 that have been made to our American Ornithology by Wilson, Bonaparte, 

 Cooper, Nuttall, Richardson and especially by the indefatigable Audubon, 

 the field still remains open to the investigation of the student of nature and 

 promises a rich reward. 



There is one singularity in the migration of American birds that is as 



