The Bryozoa of the Tortugas Islands, Florida. 213 



Smitt records the species from Pourtales's collections from 49 to 79 

 fathoms. Verrill records it for the Bermudas in shallow water. 



Lepralia janthina (Smitt). 



Smitt, 1873, p. 63 {Lepralia edax forma janthina). 



This, I believe, must be separated from edax as a distinct species. The 

 form of the orifice, a character to which Smitt gave undue importance, is 

 similar, but in janthina the orifice is not only much larger, but relatively 

 wider and shorter, with less space behind the hinge denticles. The avicu- 

 laria are all pointed and are situated on a prominence behind the orifice with 

 the mandible turned forward and frequently slightly outward. There are 

 no vicarious avicularia. The color is a deep blue-black or violet, entirely 

 different from any specimens of L. edax I have seen. The zooecia are consid- 

 erably larger than those of L. edax. Ovicells are wanting. 



One colony 0.25 inch in diameter taken at 6 fathoms incrusting a shell. 

 Smitt records one specimen from 13 fathoms on coral. 



The Cellepora janthina of Waters (1899, p. 14) from Madeira can not 

 be the L. edax var. janthina of Smitt, as Norman (1909, p. 311) points out 

 in renaming Waters's species C. rotundora. 



Genus Phylactella Hincks, 1880. 

 Phylactella labrosa (Busk). 



Busk, 1854, p. 92 {Lepralia labrosa).— ]-e\a.y, 1889, p. 204.— Norman, 1909, p. 308. 



Dredged at 22 fathoms on shells and hard sponges. Ovicells are lacking. 

 There is no median denticle on the proximal margin of the orifice, nor are 

 the zooecia disposed in radiating lines, but form a solid crust. However, 

 Norman (1. c.) has shown that both of these characters are variable. 



Phylactella collaris (Norman) var. aviculifera nov. (Fig. 21.) 



Norman, 1866, p. 204 {Lepralia collaris); 1909, p. 309.— Jelly, 1889, p. 203.— Robert- 

 son, 1908, p. 307. 



This species has not heretofore been recorded from the Atlantic side of 

 North America, though Miss Robertson records it from southern Cali- 

 fornia, and it is found on the Euro- 

 pean side of the Atlantic Ocean as 

 far south as the Madeira Islands. 



At the Tortugas, growing on 

 shells at from i to 15 fathoms, 

 occurs the variety which I have 

 here called aviculifera. In all re- 

 spects this appears to agree fully ^^^ 21.— Pkylactella collaris (Norman) aviculifera. var. 

 .,, T-, 7, . ^ j.u„4. j-U^..^ nov. Viewed partly from in front and showing avic- 



with P. collaris, except that there Siarium. 

 is a rather large avicularium situ- 

 ated within the collar immediately below the orifice, with a triangular 

 mandible pointing upward, or very rarely sidewise. This appears on every 

 zooecium of the colonies studied. Norman has described a rounded avicu- 



