NOTES. 205 



doch das geringste entdeckt zu hahen.'^ This introduction was 

 written by J. B. S. (Scherer). 



16. In Petermann's MiWieilungen, 1879, p. 163, Dr. Lindemann 

 says that Bering turned back "without having seen, strange to say, 

 either the Diomedes or the American coast. " The author's authority 

 is evidently W. H. Dall, an extremely unfortunate historian. The 

 latter says: "Bering, naturally timid, hesitating, and indolent, 

 determined to go no farther for fear of being frozen in, and returned 

 through the Strait — strange to say — without seeing the Diomedes or 

 the American coast." See Dall : Alaska and its Resources. Boston, 

 1870, p. 297. 



17. QescMchte der Entdeckungen im Norden, p. 463. 



18. C. C. Rafn: Gronlands historiske Mi7idesmcerker. Copen- 

 hagen, 1838, III. 



19. Hazii: Karten von dem Russ. Reiche, Niirnberg, 1788. — 

 T. C. Lotter : Carte geogr. de Siherie, Augsburg. 



20. Harris's Collection of Voyages, II., 1021, Note 34. 



21. V. Berch: The First Voyage of the Russians. 



22. Beitrdge zur Kenntniss des Russ. Reiches, XVI. 



23. The name appears earlier on the chart which accompanies 

 Gmelin's Reise durch Sihirieii, IV., 1752, and in Steller's Reise voti 

 Kamtschatka nach Amerika. But both of these authors must here 

 be considered an echo of MllUer. 



24. See Miiller's own review of the Russians' early knowledge of 

 the peninsula in Vol. III. of Sammlung Riiss. Geschichte. Even as 

 late as 1762 the Cossacks could travel among the Chukchees only in 

 disguise. — Pallas: JSf. Nord. Beitrdge, I., 245. — During Billings's 

 expedition hostilities were still smoldering. — East Cape is 600 miles 

 from Anadyrskoi Ostrog. 



25. J. D. Cochrane has, in Narrative of a Pedestrian Journey, 

 London, 1825, App. p. 299, attempted to establish Pavlutski's route, 

 unsuccessfully, however, we think. On the whole, accounts and 

 opinions concerning Pavlutski are so uncertain, that it is impossible 

 by means of the literature on this point, to give a final opinion. See 

 Fr. Ltitke: Voyage autour du monde, II., 238. " Sauer dit que Pav- 

 lovtsky Vint jusqu'au detroit de Bering; ce qui, au reste, n' est pas 

 en lui meme vraisenable." 



