8 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 



markets at the same time and sold under the common name of terrapin. The specimens of the two 

 species of the same size, examined by Major Le Conte, were both females. I had noticed the two, but 

 supposed them to be sexual varieties. The market people say they are caught in the same localities; 

 but as Schoepff derived his specimens (the present species) from Muhlenberg, I am inclined to believe 

 that the E. terrapin inhabits indifferently fresh and salt water. Schoepff himself found one on Long 

 Island in water which was almost fresh." 



De Kay's conclusions regarding the above species must have been based on insufficient material. 

 iir possibly on the really distinct northern and southern forms of .V. eentrata. It would be quite easy 

 at the present day to pick out a dozen individuals in a large series of .1/. eentrata eanrentriea which 

 would differ from each other quite as much as the two specimens just mentioned. 



1844. Gray, John Edward. — Catalogue of the Tortoises, Crocodiles, and Amphisbsenians in the 

 British Museum, London, p. 28. 



'Malaclemmys. — Generic diagnosis. "Salt-water terrapin, Maloclemys' concentrica=Te8tudo eoncen- 

 trica of Shaw," etc. 



Following this is a description and list of specimens: A, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, and i. Under h is noted, 

 "Shell only (young); the three central vertebral plates with a central tubercle, the hinder tubercle 

 orbicular. M. tuberculifera, Cray, B. M. California. Mr. J. Drummond's collection." 



As no Malaclemmys is known to inhabit any part of North America except the eastern and 

 southern coastal regions it is impossible to say to what the name M. tuberculifera refers, although tin- 

 description fits admirably the young of the species from the Gulf of Mexico; the locality given may 

 be erroneous or the turtle may not be a Malaclemmys. 



1855. Gray, John Edward. — Catalogue of the Shield Reptiles in the Collection of the British .Museum, 

 London, p. 37. 

 Malaclemmys. Generic diagnosis. 

 Malaclemmys concentrica, salt-water terrapin. 



Var. 1. concentrica. Head black-lined, limbs black-spotted; shield smooth; dorsal and 



sternal shields with well-defined dark rings. 

 Var. 2. Not named. 



Var. 3. eentrata. Head black, with small specks, etc. 



Var. 4. tuberculifera. Characters given in preceding reference. Locality, California. 

 Var. 5. areoluta. Head small, back elevated. Central America. Peten. 

 For varieties 1, 2, and 3 no more definite locality is given than North America, and the distinc- 

 tion is probably based on color variations such as are to be found among any considerable number of 

 these animals. M. areolata is too insufficiently described to be identifiable w ith anything now known, 

 but the record is of interest in that it shows that the genus extends to the neighborhood of Yucatan. 



1857. Agassiz, L. — Contributions to the Natural History of the United States, I, pp. 437-438; II, pi. I, 

 figs. 10-12, pi. 7a, figs. 11-14. 



Gray's genus Malaclemmys is recognized as very distinct, but the name is altered on etymological 

 grounds to Malacoclemmys. A single species, .1/. palustris, is mentioned and a short description is given. 

 The range is stated to extend along the Atlantic coast, in salt marshes, from New York to Texas, and 

 even to South America. Specimens from the States bordering on the Gulf of Mexico are said to be 

 generally smaller than those of the Atlantic States and the edge of the carapace is more revolute; but 

 such specimens occur even in the vicinity of New York. In all other respects, also, the species is said 

 to be extremely variable. Emys areolata A. Dumeril, it is stated in a footnote (p. 4.'I7 ), was probably 

 based on a specimen with strongly revolute marginal plates, from the Gulf of Mexico. 



Emys macrocephalus Gray, is said (footnote, p. 4.;s) to have been based on a large-headed variety 

 of ,1/. palustris (=.17. eentrata). 



Figures show the young and the eggs of M. eentrata. 



1862. Straich, A. — Chelonien Studien. 



This wi >rk has not been accessible to me. I therefore cite the page reference given by Boulenger — 

 Clemmys terrapin, p. 132. 

 1865. Strauch, A. — Vertheilungen der Schildkroten. 



Like the preceding work, this has not been in my hands, and the reference is Boulenger's — Clemmys 

 terrapin, p. 90. 



