NEW STARFISHES FROM DEEP WATER OFF CALIFORNIA AND ALASKA. 303 



angular. Superomarginals transversely oblong, wider than high, tumid, covered with granuliform 

 spinelets which arc thimble-shaped on margin of ray, but slender around edges of plate. Ihfero- 

 marginals corresponding to superomarginals in number and position, buta trifle less tumid; granuli- 

 form spinulation a little coarser, and heaviest at the outer edge of the plate. Deep grooves, 

 subfasciolar in form, separate the plates of both series. The lower odd interradial plate is not so 

 large as the upper; both, however, reach the marginal sutural groove. 



Adambulacral plates short and rather wide in proportion; armature consisting of 2 (less com- 

 monly. D terete, tapering, bluntly pointed spinelets en the furrow margin, one slightly smaller than 

 the other; on actinal surface 6 or 7 similar spinelets which diminish in size as they recede from the 

 furrow, and usually disposed in :i more or less regular longitudinal series, 2 spinelets to each, the 

 outermost about the size of adjacent actinal intermediate spinelets; other adambulacral spinelets con- 

 spicuously longer. 



Mouth plates with a movable recurved, conspicuous, lanceolate spine which has an obtuse inner 

 and a sharp hyaline outer tip; 1 to each pair of plates; this spine rathet broad actinally, not much 

 compressed, and as long as the interradial dimension of the plates; a line of about 5 furrow, and 

 another of 5 or (i actinal spinelets, (he latter crowded by the hyaline spine and extending along either 

 side of it, diminishing in length outward ; both furrow and superficial spinelets terete, pointed, very 



similar to adambulacral spinelets. 



Actinal interradial areas large; plates squarish, in 6 regular chevrons and an odd plate adjacent to 

 marginal interradial; plates bearing a group of 5 to 12 radiating, stout, short, pointed spinelets, 

 shortest on margins of plate, occasionally forming a fairly ornate rosette. 



Madreporic plate midway between center and inner edge of interradial plate; shape very broadly 

 oval; striatums coarse, irregular. 



Locality: Station 4313, vicinity of San Diego, Cal., !»2 fms., gray sand, broken shells. 



This species is even more robust than /'. robustus Verrill. The marginal [plates are fewer and the 

 odd interradial larger. The armature of the marginals is apparently more granuliform, the actinal 

 intermediate plates more numerous, and the adambulacral armature is more robust. There are 2 

 instead of 4 or 5 furrow spinelets. 



Family PSEUDARCHASTERII).4i, new. 



= Pseudarehasterina:- Sladen, Challenger Asteroidea, 109, 1S89, as amended by Verrill, Trans. Cum. Acad., X, 1899, 187. 



Genus PSEUDARCHASTER Sladen. 



Pseudarchaster Sladen, Narr. Challenger Exp., 1, 617, 1885. 



Astrogonium Perrier (non Mailer and Troschel), Exped. Scientif. Travailleur el <lu Talisman, Echinod., 1894, 338. 



The name Astrogonium, employed by Perrier and a few other writers for Sladen's genus Pseudar- 

 chaster, was originally proposed by Miiller and Troschel (System der Asteriden, 1842, 52) and included 

 4 genera, Hippasleria Gray, Goniaster (Agassiz), Penlagonaster Gray, and Tosia Gray. The genus was 

 thus a composite group without any type, and may be considered as a synonym of any of the foregoing 

 genera, all of which are now recognized. The transferring of the name to a well-known group, none 

 of the species of which was known to Midler and Troschel, is contrary to the simplest and most com- 

 monly accepted usage in matters nomenclatural. Astrogonium is forever a synonym. 



Pseudarchaster alascensis. new species. 



Rays 5. R=99 mm.; r=34 mm. R=2.91 r. Breadth of ray at base 40 mm.; at middle, 15 nun. 



Rays rather well-developed, abruptly and arcuately tapering at base, then very gradually to the 

 blunt extremity; interbrachial arcs wide and rounded; abactinal area subplane, only a trifle inflated 

 on center of disk; actinal area slightly inflated. 



Abactinal paxillse crowded, fairly regular, largest in proximal radial regions, very crowded and 

 small at ends of rays, where only the median radial series attains the ocular plate, but the 2 adradial 

 series very nearly reach it; 1J to 2 paxillse correspond to each marginal plate; armature of paxilla'. con- 

 sisting of 1 or 2 central, polygonal or subprismatic, robust, elongate granules, heavier at tip than base 

 and either flat or convex-tipped, surrounded by about 5 or 6 similar granuliform spinelets, alternating 



