NEW STARFISHES FROM DEEP WATER OFF CALIFORNIA A.ND ALASKA. 305 



consequently do not encroach so much upon the ahactinal area, especially on rays, leaving abroad 

 paxillar area; more prominent spinules on inferomarginals. The most striking differences, however, 

 art- in the proportions of the rays and disk, and in the character of thepaxillse, which arc very evident 

 when ttiis species is compared with equal-sized specimens of the foregoing. 

 - Paxillar area either plane or slightly convex; paxillse arranged in regular chevrons, well spaced, 



and i sisting of an ornate crown of -I or 5 robust, clavate, or low pestle-shaped granules, alternating 



with or surrounded bj a regular series of slender papilliform spinelets; lateral paxilUe much smaller; 

 at admit middle of ray 7-9 longitudinal scries of paxillse and the area L' to 2.5 nine- as broad as a 

 superomarginal plate. In general form the species varies from stellate to stellato-pentagonoid with 

 deeph arcuate side-. 



Superomarginals, 25 in number from median interradial line to extremity of ray, forming a steeply 

 arched bevel to border; I or 2 of the granules near outer holder of plate much enlarged, subtuber- 

 cular, the others distinctly spaced, hexagonal, decreasing in size toward inner edge. Inferomarginals 

 with a widely spaced subpapilliform granulation, and a median transverse row of 4 prominent sharp 

 spinules which ale reduced to 2 on outer half of ray. 



Adambulacral plates with a palmate furrow series of 4 or 5 terete, papilliform spinelets, blunt, 

 and graduated to either end of the series; on actinal surface a semicircle of unequal "barley-corn" 

 spinelets on border of plate, surrounding a similar hut enlarged central spinule, often curved. The 

 outer plates of the series have the spinelets frequently arranged in 2 rows, and there are 2 spinules 

 enlarged. 



Actinal intermediate plates extending halfway to tip of ray, and fasciolar, as are the marginal 

 plates; they bear a small group of widely spaced ovoid granules, which become slender when dry. 

 An enlarged spinule is also frequently present. 



.Mouth plates similar to those of alascensis; a median odd spine at inner angle, and the furrow series 



angular, rising slightly toward the perist ; angle slightly nearer the inner or suture than the outer 



or aboral end of the margin, and the 8 spinelets graduated toward it, decreasing rapidly in length, so 

 that the median spinelets of the series are quite small and inconspicuous; on actinal sin face a super- 

 ficial series of 8 spinelets graduated in lemrth fi titer to inner angle, ami bordering the suture, and 



a similar series of 3 or 5 merging into it from the aboral margin. Some specimens have an intermediate 

 series. 



Madreporic body fairly conspicuous, situated midway between center and inner edge of supero- 

 marginals. It is relatively larger and more conspicuous than in alascensis. 



Color in life: Ahactinal surface dull coral red, rather deep, varying to maroon in small s| imens, 



in which case the ahactinal paxillar area is much darker than marginal plates, which are bright coral 

 red; actinal surface of inferomarginal plates pinkish buff; actinal intermediate areas grayish, often 

 tinged with pink; tube feet olive buff to raw sienna. A second phase is of the same general tint but 

 much paler. 



Locality: Station 4423. between Santa Barbara and San Nicholas Islands, 216 to 339 fins., shells, 

 black pebbles, green sand. 



This species might naturally be considered the young of the foregoing, but I have young of alas- 

 censis and they are widely different, having longer and narrower rays, very wide superomarginal 

 plates, larger and crowded paxillse which are essentially like those of the adult, less numerous and 

 less prominent inferomarginal spinules, and no actinal interradial spinules. In fact the last are scarce 

 in fully matured individuals of alascensis. Minor differences occur on the madreporic body and adam- 

 bulacral armature. The facies of the two forms is entirely different, owing to the character of paxillar 

 area and the proportions. Though perfectly distinct, I believe the species are rather closely related. 



B. B. P. 1904—20 



