NEW STARFISHES FROM DEEP WATER OFF CALIFORNIA AND ALASKA. 309 



bb, Pedicellaria? low, long; a well-developed pedicellaria on the proximal superomarginals, and on most oi the irtfero 

 marginal plates; papulae conspicuous, bag like; actinal intermediate plates tnbi rculate; actinal pedicellaria; very 



low, long /„,,/,,, 



>., Marginal plates weak, irregular, oval or elliptical, the proximal usually separated by encroaching plates from the 

 dorsal and ventral surfaces; actinal pedii ellaris high, rather delicate, flaring at base and with narrow curved 

 serrate tips; granules rugos "denticulate colifoniica. 



Hippasteria heathi, new species. 



Rays 5. R = 78mm.; r = 39mm. R = 2r. Breadth of ray at base 42 mm 



General form, robust; disk large; rays -short, tapering from ;i wide base to a blunt, recurved 

 extremity: abactinal surface considerably inflated; a well-defined interradial sulcus leading from 

 marginal plates \ of distance to center of disk; interbrachial arcs wide, shallow, rounded; actinal ana 

 subplane. 



Abactinal surface beset with widely spaced, robust, rigid, tapering, upright, bluntly pointed spines, 

 3.5 or 4 mm. in length; 1, or rarely 2, to the larger rather widely separated primary plates, the median 

 radial and either adradial series of spines extending to tip of ray, but very irregularly; the other 

 spines too irregularly distributed to form rows. Scattered all over abactinal surface many sessile, long, 

 low, bivalved pedicellarise with smooth edges to the jaws; pedicellarias 1.5 to 3.5 mm. in length, 1.5 

 nun. wide, and a trifle less than 1 mm. high; rest of surface covered with spaced, small spherical, acorn- 

 shaped and thimble-shaped granules of various sizes, immersed in ami covered by a suit membrane 

 which obscures the outlines of the plates; whole abactinal surface crowded with conspicuous obtuse. 

 bag-like papulae about 2 mm. in length, the base being surrounded by a collar (the rim of the pore); 

 these papula: especially numerous in the proximal radial regions. 



Marginal plates not particulary conspicuous. Superomarginals 15 in number from median inter- 

 radial line, slightly convex, and confined to side of body: first plate larger than the rest, which are 

 rather longer than high except at end of ray, where the reverse is true; upper edge of the series largely 

 obscured by abactinal membrane; each plate on proximal half of ray ( first to tilth or sixth ) bearing a 

 sessile bivalved pedicellaria and in addition I to 4 spines like those of abactinal surface, edge of plate 

 (excepting usually the- upper i being armed with I or 2 interrupted series of stout conical granules of 

 various sizes; outer plates of series with a single central spine, and marginal granules in 1 or 2 

 irregular series, [nferomarginals corresponding in number to superomarginals and opposite them in 



proximal third of ray, but alternati outer part; they encroach somewhat upon the actinal area, the 



lower margin being obscured on the disk by the membrane covering the general surface of the plates 

 Nearly all the plates bear a bivalved pedicellaria and, in addition, on the first 2 plates of the series a 

 circle of 4 or 5 spines, like the supermarginal spines surrounding it, and on the rest 2 or 3, these 

 situated on the aboral side of the plate. There are also mi the border of each plate numerous stout 

 conical granules mixed with small ones, the former occasionally having 1 or 2 enlarged into conical 

 spinules, intermediate in size between thespinesand larger granules. The pedicellaria- of the marginal 

 plates are exactly like those of the abactinal surface. 



Adambulacral armature, consisting of 2 heavy cylindrical or slightly compressed blunt furrow- 

 spines, the adoral a trifle the smaller on outer half of ray: and on actinal surface, a transverse series ol 

 2 similar spines, rather more tapered, the outer the shorter, occupying all the exposed surface, the outer 

 spine reduced in size on the first few plates, Margin of plate surrounded L\ conical granules, 1 or 2 

 on the outer edge larger than the rest. 



Mouth plates small, narrow; furrow margin very extensive; furrow spines 4, similar to those of 

 adambulacral plates, the innermost slightly longer and most compressed; on actinal surface opposite 

 the outer furrow spine 1 compressed spine nearly as long, and on the inner part of the plate usually 

 another, considerably shorter, connected with the hist by a linear series of several spaced, unequal, 

 conical granules, which are continued beyond the outer spine to the end of the plate, there forming a 

 group rather than a row. 



Actinal interradial areas large, 3 series of intermediate plates extending to the fourth inferomar- 

 ginal, 2 to the fifth, and 1 to the ninth; each of the plates adjacent to the adambulacrals bearing a large, 

 sessile, bivalved pedicellaria, 4mm. in length, similar to those of dorsal surface, placed usually obliquely 

 crosswise; numerous other interradial plates also with a pedicellaria, usually somewhat smaller; 

 plates also armed with 1 or 2 conical spinules or tubercles standing on the edge, often on either side of 



