XI 

 STUDIES ON THE MOVEMENTS OF THE ATMOSPHERE 



BY C. M. GULDBERG AND H. MOHN 1 



PART I 



(Christiania, 1876, revised 1883) 2 



PREFACE 



Meteorological phenomena being very complicated, we shall 

 attain final success in their mathematical study only by treating 

 simple cases which are analogous to those of nature. The equi- 

 librium and the movement of the air form a part of the mechanics of 

 fluids that is as yet very little developed because there exists too 

 few observations for the verification of the numerical calculations. 

 Encouraged by the fine results obtained by M. M. Peslin, Reye, 

 Colding, Ferrel and Hann in this new application of analysis to 

 meteorology, we have applied the principles of mechanics to the 

 movements of the atmosphere, and have arrived at some results 

 which we think are not without importance for the development of 

 meteorological science. In the first place we have found that one 

 of the first things to do in order to insure the success of meteorology 

 is the creation of meteorological stations at high altitudes; either 

 on mountains or in balloons, and supplied if possible with self- 

 registering instruments. 



The winds or the horizontal currents of air at the surface of the 

 earth are intimately connected with the vertical currents; but tl e 

 origin and the displacement of these latter depend not only on the 

 physical state of the air at the surface of the earth, but also on the 



1 Etudes sur les Mouvements de L' Atmosphere. Par C. M. Guldberg 

 et H. Mohn. Premiere Partie, Christiania, 1876. Deuxieme Partie, Christi- 

 ania, 1880. [Revised by the Authors in i883-'85.] 



2 By personal interview with the authors, and correspondence during 

 the years 1883 to 1886, Prof. Frank Waldo secured from Professors Guld- 

 berg and Mohn a revision of the original French edition of this Memoir 

 with permission to publish a translation for the use of American students. 

 The delay in publication has given me opportunity for a slight revision of 

 Prof. Waldo's translation. — C. Abbe. 



