[110] 17 



Shell broadly umbilicated ; orbicularly-depressed ; solid ; lightly decussated 

 by incremental striae, and numerous fine spiral lines : color black or reddish 

 brown, under the epidermis white and shining ; suture deeply impressed ; spire 

 depressed ; whorls 6, regularly increasing, the upper ones flattened, the last 

 convex, rounded below, and slightly deflected at the aperture ; umbilicus broad, 

 showing all the volutions clearly ; aperture oblique, transversely-lunar ; in 

 young specimens the decussated sculpturing of the shell on the parietal wall 

 of the aperture is covered with a light callus as the animal grows, and ele- 

 gantly marked with numerous fine, crowded, spiral lines ; in mature specimens 

 this beautiful marking is entirely obliterated by the deposition of callus, but 

 on breaking the shell, the lines will be found to exist within ; peristome simple, 

 acute, thickened within, ends slightly approximated, joined with a white 

 callus. 



This species bears no close resemblance to any known American Helix. It 

 belongs to the same group as H. vancouverensis, Lea, but dififers in size, color, 

 number of whorls, umbilicus, want of peculiar depression of the lip, by its 

 beautifully decussated surface, and peculiar parietal wall of the aperture. I 

 know of no species sharing this last beautiful peculiarity. In form alone, dead 

 specimens may be compared with H. algira, Lin., of Europe, but the spire is 

 Hatter and umbilicus larger. 



Named in honor of Dr. J. S. Newberry, the Geologist of the Colorado Ex. Ex. 



BuLiMtJS PATRiARCHA. — T. perforata, ovata, solidissima, alba, rugosa; anfr. 

 '5 convexi, ultimus ventricosus, 5-Y long, testae aequans ; apertura ovata ; 

 perist. simplex, intus incrassatum, marginibus callo albo crasso junctis, columel- 

 lari reflexo, umbilicum subtegente. Long. 35; diam. 19, apertura long. 19; 

 diam. 13 nnill. 



Habitat in republica Mexican^. Specimina plurima et matura et nondum 

 adulta, collegit Berlandiere in Buena Vista. 



Shell perforate, ovate, heavy, white and wrinkled ; whorls 6, convex, the last 

 ventricose, equalling in length 5-Y of the shell ; aperture ovate ; peristome sim- 

 ple, thickened within, the extremities joined by a heavy white callus, the 

 rolumellar extremity slightly reflected so as partially to conceal the umbilicus. 



Belongs to the same group as £uL dealbatus, Say, alternatus, Say, lactarius, 

 Mke., liquaiilis, Reeve, Schiedeamis, Pf., &c. The characteristics which form its 

 differences are alike present in young and old specimens, and constant in all 

 from the locality. I therefore consider it as well entitled to specific distinction 

 as those named. 



Named from its greater size and more antiquated appearance, as compared 

 with the allied species. 



1858.J 



