VIVIPARA. 1 1 



The columella termination of the lip partially covers a very small um- 

 bilicus. The length of fully developed shell is 14, its breadth 11 lines. 

 {Valenciennes.) 

 Paludina carinata, Valenciennes, in Humboldt and Bonpland (1833), 

 Kec. d'Obs. II, 252, pi. Ivi, f. 2, a b. — KiiSTER, in Chemn., ed. 2, 

 p. 28, pi. vi, f. 6, 7.— Haldeman, Mon., p. 27, pi. viii (1841). 

 Paludina multicarinata, Haldeman, Mon., pt. 4, p. 4 of cover. 



Figure 23 is a fac-simile of that of Valenciennes, whose de- 

 scription is copied above. Prof. Haldeman suggests the name 

 multicarinata, as the name carinata has also been used by 

 Swainson. 



Vivipara cyclostomatiformis, Lea — Shell subcylindrical, 

 rather thick, pale horn color, smooth, imperforate ; spire exserted, at the 

 apex rose colored and obtuse; sutures very much impressed; whirls five, 

 rounded ; aperture small, nearly round, within salmon colored. 



Coosa River, Alabama. Dr. Brumby. My cabinet, and 

 cabinets of Dr. Griffith, Dr. Jay, L. W. Sloat, and Dr. Fore- Fig. 24. 

 man. Diam. .32, length .82 of an inch. 



This is a very remarkable species, assuming very much 

 the form of an exserted Cyclostoma. A single, somewhat 

 worn specimen only, was received. The aperture is rather 

 more than one-third the length of the shell. Its subcylin- 

 drical form is very remarkable. 



Since the above description was written, Dr. Jay and Dr. „. . , 



■^ ' •' Vivi2}ara cyclos- 



Foreman have placed in my hands specimens from the same tomatiformis. 

 locality. The epidermis is perfect, and they are of a green- 

 ish horn color. The interior of the aperture is bluish, while the apex is 

 slightly salmon colored. {Lea.) 



Paludina cyclostomatiformis, Lea, Tr. Am. Phil. Soc. IX, pt. i, p. 23, 



1844; Obs. IV, 23; Proc. II, 83, (1841). 

 Paludina contorta, Shuttlewoeth, of KiisTER in Chemn, ed. 2, p. 20, pi. 



iv, f. 7-9 (1852). 

 Paludina Elliotti, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phila. 1858, p. 166. 



The outline of the back of the shell reminds one of the Cuban 

 Megalomastoma. The three upper whirls are sometimes of a 

 very light flesh color, contrasting with the dark green of the 

 remainder. The peristome is sometimes continuous, being ap- 

 pressed to the body whirl, and forming a rimate umbilicus. On 

 some specimens I have detected minute revolving lines. 



Pal. elliotti is a finer, better developed form of the species 

 than that described as cyclostomatiformis, and has carinated 

 upper whirls. A careful examination of Mr. Lea's types leads 

 2 



