Materials, Their Taxonomy and Natural History 39 



Juvenile Stages. 



Eggs (plate 1, fig. 6) : Laid on lower surface of leaves in bunches, from 10 

 to 250; pale, yellowish white, oval, ventral surface slightly concave, attached 

 by stalk of gelatinous cement. 1.5 to 2.25 mm. long, 0.60 to 1.20 mm, broad. 

 No sculpture. Development requires from 7 to 15 days, depending upon 

 temperature and rate of evaporation. 



First larval stage: Head, legs, and pronotum shiny black; body pale trans- 

 parent yellow, with fully developed system of color markings, each spot provided 

 with one or more spines. Length at end of stage 2 to 3.5 mm. Closely resembles 

 the same stage in L. undecimlineata Stal, L. signaticollis Stal, and L. diversa 

 n. sp. 



Second larval stage (plate 1, fig. 8&) : Head, legs, and pronotum shiny black ; 

 body, well-developed row of spiracula spots and with tergal plates of last two 

 abdominal segments black below and pleurae yellow, due to yellow color of fat- 

 body below the transparent integument ; tergal portions of thorax and abdomen 

 grayish, due to transparent integument and absence of fat-body in median line. 

 Length at end of stage 4 to 6.5 mm. 



Third larval stage (plate 1, figs. 7 and 8a) : Markings and color precisely 

 same as in second stage, yellow color (due to fat-body) increasing throughout 

 this stage until at the end of the tergal gray area is entirely or nearly replaced 

 by yellow, often becoming a deep lemon yellow. Length at end of stage 10 to 

 18 mm. 



Length of larval stage: Varies with the conditions of growth, food, tempera- 

 ture, etc.; averages 25 days, range from 15 to 35. 



Pupa: Pupates in ground at foot of plant, 1 to 6 inches from surface. Pupa 

 pale yellow with yellow white spiracula spots. Pupal stage lasts from 8 to 14 

 days; average 10 days. 



Length of ontogeny: Average 56 days; range 36 to 64 days. 



Geographical Distribution. 



Panama, Costa Rica, south to Isthmus of Darien. I have collected and tested 

 material of this species and find it to be genetically constant from Corozal, 

 Pedro Miguel, Tabernilla, Gatun, Colon, Balboa, Cerro Ancon, in the Canal 

 Zone, Panama; Bocas del Toro, Changuinola Junction, and numerous points 

 in Sexola Valley in Costa Rica. I also have dead material that was not tested 

 by breeding from the lower portion of Panama, valley of the Rio Succio, from 

 Cartago in Costa Rica (coll. by Dr. P. P. Calvert), and other dead material 

 from Costa Rica which is identical. I have, therefore, on plate 3 given in solid 

 color the distribution of the tested materials and the probable distribution in 

 dotted color, as far as I can, of this species over lower Central America. 



Habitat and Ecology. 



Little comment concerning the ecology of this form is needed, and while 

 more general in habitat distribution than the two preceding species, it is, never- 

 theless, limited in its distribution and ecology by the same factors and in the 

 same manner as is L. undecimlineata Stal. Its more widespread habitudinal 

 occurrence within its range is due entirely to the topographical and climatic 

 character of the area of distribution, rather than to difl'erences of habit or of 

 ecological complex demanded. 



