12 



Acknowledgments 



We are grateful to John Robbins and George Frost for 

 permission to conduct this study on their land. Steve Forbes and 

 Bruce McCune gave helpful advice on the manuscript. We thank 

 Jeffrey Johansen and Bruce McCume for identifying algae and 

 lichens. Funding for this study was provided by the U.S. Fish 

 and Wildlife Service and Beaverhead National Forest. 



