32 
Mr. A. W. Waters on the 
4. Lepralia ansata , Johnst., var . porosa, Rss. 
Cellepora Dunkeri, Reuss. Foss. Polyp. Wien. Tert. p. 90, pi. x. fig. 27. 
Lepralia spinifera, Jolmst. in Busk, B.M. Cat. p, 69 , pi. lxxxi. figs. 6, 7; 
Manzoni, Bry. PI. Ital. p. 7, pi. ii. fig. 11. 
Lepralia unicornis, Joknst. in Busk, Crag Polyz. p. 45, pi. v. fig. 4. 
Lepralia tetragona, Reuss, Foss. Bryoz. Oest.-Ung. Mioc. p. 159, pi. 7. 
figs. 1-3, &c.; Manzoni, Bry. foss. Ital. cont. 3, p. 8, pi. ix. fig. 19. 
Mollia vulgaris, var. ansata , Smitt, Krit. Fort. 6 . Sk. Hafs-Bry. 1867, 
vol. xxiv. p. 15, pi. xxv. figs. 79-82. 
I am in doubt as to whether this group should be ansata 
or unicornis , but have followed Reuss in making ansata the 
type. Although the spinifera and ansata groups are mixed 
up in the British-Museum Catalogue under the name spini- 
fera , they are easily distinguished by the form of the oper¬ 
culum. 
Loc. Miocene, Austria and Hungary; Oligocene, Doburg ; 
Pliocene, Castellarquato, Castrocaro, &c., and many localities 
in Sicily. Living : Arctic Ocean, Britain, Mediterranean. 
5. Lepralia auriculata , Hass. (PI. IX. fig. 5 ; PI. XI. fig. 3.) 
Lepralia auriculata, Hass. B.M. Cat. p. 67. 
The piece drawn (PI. IX. fig. 5) shows the various stages 
of growth of this species, which is very common in the Bay 
of Naples, a shows the commencement of calcification; b, 
the three oral spines are now always to be seen, and a depres¬ 
sion at the proximal edge of the zooecia, and already the com¬ 
mencement of the avicularia is visible. The perforations are 
very distinct; but the granulation is also apparent, though not 
yet distinct. In the cells a little older the avicularia, project¬ 
ing above the mouth, are raised and very distinct. The 
ovicells are soon formed in the depression already mentioned, 
as seen at c &c. and d. By the growth of the calcareous 
front of the cells the ovicells are soon immersed, as at e, and 
the granulations or warts on the surface become more promi¬ 
nent, though careful examination always shows the perfora¬ 
tions as well. It is hardly necessary to say that it is only 
upon the younger cells that the oral spines are visible. 
To give a complete idea of the colony drawn, I should have 
figured about five rows more of plain cells like/’; and then we 
should reach the centre of the colony. 
PI. XI. fig. 3 shows a form which the avicularia sometimes 
take ; but this is only a modification in size and position ; for 
the avicularia may project very much in the ordinary position 
at right angles to the axis of the zooecia, and then the shape 
is seen to be the same as that figured in a horizontal position 
