123 
Bryozoa of the Bay of Naples. 
borders of the cell do not always meet, in which case the cells 
are irregularly oval. The shape of the cells is just the same 
as in some Eocene specimens in my possession; but, it will 
be seen, the shape is somewhat variable. The large opening 
is not the oral aperture, but is covered with a membrane on 
which is the oral lid, as seen in the right-hand bottom cells. 
This operculum or lid has a tooth or projection on each side, 
to which is probably attached the muscle. This is shown in 
the two right-hand cells. As neither Busk nor Smitt have 
given particulars of the oral aperture of M. antiqua , it makes 
it somewhat difficult to be sure if Manzoni is correct in giving 
this as a synonym. The trifoliate shape of the opening of the 
calcareous area would be produced by a widening of the basal 
portion. 
Abundant in the Eocene, Miocene, and Pliocene from 
many localities in Austria, Hungary, and Italy, Rhodes 
( Manz .). 
Living: Florida, 29-44 fathoms; Madeira; Naples about 
30-40 fathoms. 
Hemeschara trapezoidea , Rss., Bry. v. Crosaro, pi. xxix. 
fig. 14, is the Hemeschara stadium of this; and the shape of 
the open area more nearly corresponds with that of the Flori¬ 
dan and Madeira specimens. Reuss has omitted the description 
of this ; but from the Miocene of San Martino he speaks of an 
11 astige j5//?Ms£m-almliche Form.” 
57. Micropora impressa , Moll. 
Eschara impressa, Moll, Die Seerinde, p. 57, pi. ii. fig. 9, A-I. 
? Cellepora gracilis , v. Munster in Goldf. Petr. Germ. p. 102, pi. xxxvi. 
fig. 13. 
Cellepora gracilis, Reuss, Foss. Polyp. W. B. p. 93, pi. xi. fig. 12. 
? Cellepora minuta, Reuss, loc. cit. p. 93, pi. xi. fig. 13. 
Eschara andegavensis, Mich. Icon. Zooph. p. 329, pi. lxxviii. fig. 11. 
? Eschar a nobilis, id. loc. cit. p. 329, pi. lxxix. fig. 1. 
Membranipora andegavensis, Busk, Crag Polyz. p. 35, pi. ii. fig. 5. 
Membranipora calpensis, Busk, Mar. Polyz. p. GO, pi. civ. figs. 5, G. 
Membranipora bifoliata, Heller, Die Bry. Adr. Meeres, p. 95, pi. 2. 
fig. 1. 
Membranipora andegavensis , Manz. Bry. Foss. Ital. cont. 2, p. 2, pi. i. 
fig. 2. 
Membranipora calpensis, Manz. Supp. alia Fauna Medit. p. 3, figs. 2, 3. 
Membranipora gracilis , Reuss, Foss. Bry. Oest.-Ung. Mioc. p. 44, pi. x. 
figs. 5-7. 
The special character of Membranipora appears to be a lid 
opening out of the membrane covering the aperture ; but this 
is not the case in the present species, in which the oral aper¬ 
ture is surrounded by a calcareous margin, and the operculum 
is separable and distinct: it therefore ought to be separated 
from Membranipora. 
