174 
Miscellaneous. 
(2) Attachment is always effected by the oral pole ; and the funda¬ 
mental fact consists in a turning of the ciliary crown, which, being 
at first incurved, in the form of a mantle, towards the ahoral pole 
(as in the Cyclostomata), afterwards becomes indexed towards the 
oral pole. 
(3) The crown constitutes a provisional and essentially larval 
organ ; it is from this that the thick fatty mass so often described 
in the metamorphosis originates. 
(4) The oral and suboral surfaces appear to have each a well- 
defined part of the highest importance in the embryogeny : the 
aboral surface represents the cell; tire oral surface seems to he 
destined to play a great part in the formation of the contents of 
the cell; everywhere we see it penetrate into the interior, wholly 
or partially, to furnish the rudiments which act in a manner still 
to he described in the formation of the organs of the adult.— 
Comptes Rend us, September 23, 1878, p. 463. 
Migration of the Aphides of the Galls of the Pistachio to the Roots 
of Grasses. By M. J. Lichtenstein. 
When I first announced the curious migrations of one of the 
Phylloxera} of the oak (P. quercus, Boyer), from Quercus coccifera to 
Q. puhescens, I had the vexation of finding the correctness of my 
observations doubted by French entomologists ; and it was necessary 
for an Italian naturalist, M. Targioni-Tozzetti, to repeat my experi¬ 
ments upon Phylloxera florentina, and establish the fact of the 
migrations of that species from Quercus ilex to Q. pedunculate , 
before the change of habitat of the former insect between the second 
and third larval states was decidedly accepted. 
Now I have a still more curious migration to bring before the 
Academy. The Aphis of the galls of the Pistachio ( Anopleura 
lentisci) passes from those galls to the roots of grasses, or, at least, 
of two species of grasses ( Bromus sterilis and Ilordeum vulgare). 
On the 12th June last I announced to the French Entomological 
Society that I had found on the roots of Bromus sterilis an Aphis 
resembling in all points that of the galls of the Pistachio, the cha¬ 
racters of which are very strongly marked; for it is the only genus 
among the Pemphigince that carries its wings flat, and the genus 
has only a single species. But the new comer presented the pecu¬ 
liarity of producing sexual insects without rostrum , while that of the 
galls furnished larval forms with a rostrum. 
At my suggestion, M. Courchet, a pupil at the School of Phar¬ 
macy of Montpellier, has just obtained, in captivity, the breeding of 
the winged Anopleura lentisci upon the young roots of barley sown 
in a tube; and at the same time I found the same insect at liberty 
upon the roots of Bromus sterilis. These young subterranean 
wingless forms, produced by the winged aerial form, have already 
increased in size and are ready to reproduce in their turn. 
Applying to the evolution of this insect the theory that I have 
established with regard to the Phylloxera quercus, of the correct- 
