458 
Miscellaneous. 
alone they soon become again knotted together in a compact rounded 
mass as at present, with the heads divergent, and writhing so as to 
remind one of the head of the fabled Medusa. 
Prof. Leidy then directed attention to several other specimens 
which had been sent to him for information. One of these is a 
hunch of tapeworms, fifteen individuals of Tccnia climinuta, from 
the intestine of a rat. The other is the liver of a rat with a 
multitude of cysts, the size of large peas, containing Cysticercus 
fasciolaris. In a letter accompanying the specimens, Dr. John It. 
Hewctt states that last spring he had examined about 500 rats 
(Mus decumanus), in Carroll Co., Mo., and only in half a dozen in¬ 
stances did he find the liver free from the pai’asitc.— Proc. Acad. 
Nat. Sci. Philad. Jan. 28, 1879. 
On some Plesiosaur inns of the Upper Jurassic Strata of 
Boulogne-sur-Mer. By M. H. E. Safvage. 
Of the same age as the beds of Shotovcr and Kimmeridge, the Upper 
Jurassic deposits of Boulogne-sur-Mer have in part the same herpe- 
tological fauna. Thus, to cite only Plesiosaurians, the following were 
stranded upon the Jurassic shores of the Boulonnais :— Pliosaurus 
gamma , P. grandis, Polyptychodon Archiaci , Plesiosaurus carinatus , 
infraplanus, plicatus, and ellipsospondylus , belonging to the family 
Plesiosauridce, and Polycotylus suprajurensis , Murcenosaurus Manselii , 
and M. brachyspondylus, to that of the Elasmosauridse. These 
lteptiles were not the only Plesiosaurians frequenting those shores ; 
with them lived Colymbosaurus Dutertrei, Plesioseturus morinicus , P. 
Phillipsi, and Pliosaurus suprajurensis. 
This last species, found in the upper part of the Portlandian, is 
distinguished from P. brachydeirus by the greater length of the 
cervical and dorsal vertebrae. In the cervicals the lower surface 
of the centrum, which is strongly rounded, bears a broad and 
salient crest, the articular surfaces are nearly smooth; the neura- 
pophysis is wide, the zygapophysis slightly passes the level of the 
centrum. The length being 100, the width will be 154, and the 
height 130. 
Under the name of Plesiosaurus carinatus , sp. n., Phillips has 
figured a small species from Buckinghamshire ; this species not being 
the same as that described by Cuvier under the same name, we may 
call it P. Phillipsi. Among distinctive characters between the two 
species, the cervical vertebree of P. Phillipsi are longer, the form 
of the articular surface of the pleurapophyscs is different, and the 
relations between the surface for the attachment of the rib and the 
extremity of the suture which unites the neurapophysis to the centrum 
are quite different. 
Although allied to Plesiosaurus carinatus, Cuv., P. morinicus is 
distinguished therefrom, as regards vertebrae occupying the same 
place in the cervical series, by the form of the articular surfaces and 
the greater breadth of the inferior surface of the centrum, and because 
