36 Prof. T. 11. Jones and Mr. J. W. Kirkby on 



Localities and Mode of Occurrence. — Carboniferous Lime- 

 stone series : 



Crossgatehall, near Edinburgh, in ironstone nodules, with Car- 

 bonia Rankiniana, pungens, and fabulina, Spirorbis sp., 

 and LinguJa squamiformis. 



Craigenglen, Campsie, Lanarkshire, in impure limestone, with 

 C. Rankiniana, pungens, secans, and fabulina, and remains 

 of Megalichthys, Pakeoniscus, Eurynotus, Spirorbis carbo- 

 narius, and Lepidodendron. 

 Calciferous Sandstone series : 



Coast of Fife, near Pittenweem, in shale, 2350 feet below the 

 base of the Carboniferous Limestone, associated with Leper- 

 ditia scotoburdigalensis, Fish-remains, and Plants. 



Coast of Fife, east of Pittenweem, in dark tough shale and 

 ironstone, 2460 feet below the base of the Carboniferous 

 Limestone, with an Aviculoid shell. 



Coast of Fife, near Billow Ness, in grey shale, 3200 feet 

 below the base of the Carboniferous Limestone, with many 

 individuals of Myalina modioliformis^ , Brown, some remains 

 of Fishes, Beyrichia subarcuata, Jones, and Leperditia sp. 



Coast of Fife, Anstruther, in shale and ironstone, 3600 feet 

 below the base of the Carboniferous Limestone, with Leper- 

 ditia scotoburdigalensis and a thin-shelled Myalina. 



Coast of Fife, near Randerstone, in shale and ironstone, with 

 Myalina modioliformis ? and Leperditia scotoburdigalensis. 



Binn Quarry, Burntisland, Fife, in shale, with Carbonia 

 fabulina &c. as above. 



4. Carbonia scalpellus, n. sp. (PI. III. figs. 14-17.) 



Elongate and somewhat compressed. Dorsal and ventral 

 margins nearly parallel, the latter, however, being slightly 

 concave near the middle ; the posterior extremity blunt and 

 subtruncate ; the anterior extremity more produced and 

 rounded. Dorsal and ventral aspects flatly lenticular, with 

 the posterior end rather obtuse. Muscle-spot circular, rather 

 large, and placed a little towards the anterior end. Surface 

 smooth (?). Length -^j inch. 



This species is easily distinguished from C. subula by the 

 difference in outline, greater height, and less relative width of 

 the carapace. 



It has been found only in the Coal-measures, at Ryhope 

 Colliery, near Sunderland, where it occurs in black shale and 

 ironstone, 592 feet below the base of the overlying Permian 

 deposits. The associated fossils are Carbonia fabulina, the 

 remains of Ganoid Fishes, Anthracosia sp., Lingula Credncri 

 (rare), Sigillaria, Lepidodendron, and Calamites. 



