Prof. W. Preyer on Anabiosis. 503 



2. Tropidurus bivittatus. 



Leiocephalus Grayi, part., Bell, I. c. 



Craniopeltis hivittata, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1871, p. 645. 

 Tropidurus Grayi, part., Steind. /. c. ; Bouleng. I. c. 

 Tropidurus lemtiiscatus, Cope, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. xii. p. 145 (1889) ; 

 Baur, /. c. 



1. Darwin's specimen, probably from Chatham Island. 

 $ . Sc. 65. 



2. Ditto. Young. Sc. 57. 



3. Tropidurus pacificus. 



Tropidurus pacificus, Steind. I. c. p. 313, pi. ii. figs. 2 and 3 ; Bouleng. 



1. c. p. 173. 

 Tropidurus abinydonii, Baur, /. c. 



1. Abingdon Island, Commander Cookson. J . Sc. 91. 



2. Ditto. S • Sc. 95. 



LIX. — On Anabiosis. By Prof. W. Preyer, of Berlin*. 



The fact of anabiosis, i. e. the revivification of perfectly 

 lifeless organisms and their parts, the condition of which 

 differs from ordinary apparent death in the total suspension 

 of the whole of the vital processes, was experimentally esta- 

 blished by me more than twenty-five years ago ; and since 

 that time I have substantiated it in my lectures and various 

 papers, and have also drawn attention to its great theoretical 

 importance f. I attach especial weight to the proof which I 

 have furnished of the difference between the two antitheses of 

 life, namely : — 



i. Lifeless and capable of living = anabiotic. 

 ii. Lifeless and incapable of living = dead. 



* Translated from the ' Biologisches CentralLlatt,' Bd. xi. no. 1, Feb. 1, 

 1891, pp. 1-5. 



t ' Der Kampf urn das Dasein,' Bonn, 1809 (pp. 10, 39) ; ' Die Erforsch- 

 ung des Lebens,' Jena, 1873 (and 'Tageblatt der 45. Versammlung 

 deutscher Naturforscher und Aertze,' Leipzig, 1872, p. 47); ' Natur- 

 wissenscbaftliche Thatsachen u. Probleme,' Berlin, 1880 ; ' Der Hypno- 

 tismus,' Berlin, 1882 (p. 282) ; 'Eleniente der allgemeinen Physiologie,' 

 Leipzig, 1883. Cf. " Ueber den Lebensbegriff " in the journal ' Kosmos ' 

 (i. Jabrg. ii. Bd. p. 213, Leipzig, 1878), and " Die Wiederbelebung toten- 

 starrer Muskeln " (Amtl. Bericbt iiber die 39. Versammlung deutscher 

 Naturforscher und Aertze in Giessen, 1864, and ' Becueil des travaux de 

 la Soci6te medicale allemande,' Paris, 1865). 



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