96 Miscellaneous. 



MISCELLANEOUS. 



Researches on the Occurrence of Intestinal Worms in the Intestinal 

 Canal of the Horse. By H. Krabbe. 



As the horse is spread over the greater part of the inhabited 

 world, and its conditions of existence are so varied, it is to be sup- 

 posed that, like man and the dog, it is not afflicted everywhere, or 

 with the same frequency, with the same intestinal worms. To 

 determine as exactly as possible what are, in Denmark, the Entozoa 

 that occur in the horse, and especially in his intestinal canal, I 

 have, during the last four years, examined 100 old horses which 

 have been killed between September and April in the Veterinary 

 School of Copenhagen, to serve for anatomical purposes. 

 In these 100 horses I found in the intestinal canal : — 



Tcenia perfoliata 28 times. 



mamillana 8 



Ascaris megalocephala 16 



Strongylus armatus 86 



tetracanthus (in 67 out of 86 horses) 78 



Oxyuris curmla 2 



In all the stomach contained larvae of (Estrus in larger or smaller 

 quantity ; and Filaria papillosa was, from time to time, met with 

 suspended from the intestines which had been removed. 



Taenia perfoliata, Goeze. — The number of these Tapeworms was 

 usually less than 25 ; sometimes there wore more — for example, 

 twice between 100 and 200, and once more than 400. In general 

 they were lodged only in the caecum ; but the colon sometimes con- 

 tained isolated specimens, and four times I found some, generally 

 young individuals, dispersed in the small intestine. 



Tcenia mamillana, Mehlis, was always lodged in the small intes- 

 tine. There were usually less than 25, but sometimes more, up to 

 72. This tapeworm was first described and figured by Gurlt in his 

 ' Lehrbuch der pathologischen Anatomie der Haus-Saugethiere ' 

 (1831), vol. i. p. 380, pi. ix. figs. 7, 11 : but this must have escaped 

 Dujardin, who, in his ' Histoire naturelle des Helminthes ' (1845), 

 although he frequently quotes Gurlt's work, gives, under the article 

 T. perfoliata, a description and figures (p. 580, pi. xi. figs. 1-7) of 

 T. mamillana. Hence these two species have been confounded by 

 several French authors (Davaine, Baillet). 



Tcenia plicata, Budolphi, did not occur in the horses that I have 

 examined ; but Abildgaard has described and figured it in the 

 ' Zoologia Danica' (vol. iii. 1789, p. 50, pi. 110. fig. 1), and states 

 that he had met with as many as 5 in one horse. He adds, however, 

 that this tapeworm was not frequent, and that it was rarer than 

 T. perfoliata, Bud. 



Ascaris megalocephala, Cloquet. — The greatest number found in a 

 horse was 11 ; it was always lodged in the small intestine. 



Strongylus armatus, Budolphi, has never been observed in the 



