dredged up from the Gidf of Manaar. 153 



Where the spicule is fusiform and perhaps curved, a trapezoidal figure 

 has often been given to it for convenience in delineation, although 

 the proportions are maintained ; the detail otherwise must be sought for 

 in the letterpress. 



Dotted lines and dots are generally intended to represent spination. 



Plate IV. 



Fig. 1. Dictyocylindrus manaarensis, n. sp., nat. size : «, b, c, d, linear 



spicules ; e, tricurvate ; /, equianchorate (Sc. A) ; g, more 



magnified view of e and/! 

 Fig. 2. D. sessilis, n. sp., nat. size : a, b, c, linear spicules (Sc. A) ; 



d, more magnified view of c. 

 Fig. 3. Microciona bulboretorta, n. sp., spiculation of: a, b, c, d, linear 



spicules (Sc. A) ; e, more magnified view of d. 

 Fig. 4. M. quadriradiata, n. sp., spiculation of : a, b, linear spicules ; 



c, quadriradiate (Sc. A) ; d, more magnified view of c. 



Fig. 5. M. quinqueradiata, n. sp., spiculation of: a, b, c, linear spicules ; 



d, quinqueradiate (Sc. A) ; e. more magnified view of d. 



Fig. 6. M. curvispicidifera, n. sp., spiculation of : a, b, linear spicules ; 



c, curvilinear spicule (Sc. A) ; d, more magnified view of c. 

 Fig. 7. M. fascispicidifera, n. sp., spiculation of : a, b, c, linear spicules ; 



d is c fasciculated (Sc. A) ; e, more magnified view of b ; 



f, bihamate (Sc. B) ; g, large spicules and fasciculi of c, in situ 



(diagram) . 

 Fig. 8. Hymerhaphia unispiculum, n. sp. : one form of spicule only 



(Sc. A). 

 Fig. 9. H. eruca, n. sp., spiculation of: a, erect linear spicule; b, cater- 

 pillar-like spicule ; e, the same, but early stage, resembling the 



contort spicule of Hymerhaphia vermiculata, Bk. (Sc. A). 

 Fig. 10. Hymedesmia stellivarians, n. sp., spiculation of : a, linear spicule 



(Sc. A) ; b, stellate (Sc. B) ; c, d, e, various forms of ray, more 



magnified (diagram). 

 Fig. 11. H. Moorei, n. sp., spiculation of: «, linear spicule (Sc. A); 



b, stellate (Sc. B) ; a, ray, more magnified. 

 Fig. 12. H. capitatostellifera, n. sp., spiculation of: «, linear spicule 



(Sc. A) ; b, stellate (Sc. B) ; c, ray more magnified. 

 Fig. 13. H. spinatostellifera, n. sp., spicidation of : a, linear spicule ; 



b, different forms of head (Sc. A) ; c, stellate (Sc. B) ; d, ray, 

 more magnified. 



Fig. 14. H. trigonostellata, n. sp., spiculation of: a, b, linear spicules 

 (sc. l-12th to l-1800th) ; c, d, stellates (Sc. C). 



Fig. 15. Microciona affinis, n. sp. : equianchorate, to show hook-like 

 appearance of central arm (Sc. C). 



Plate V. 



Fig. 16. Reniera ? sp., white, spicule of (Sc. A). 

 Fig. 17. Reniera ?sp., yellow, spicule of (Sc. A). 

 Fig. 18. Reniera ? sp., dark brown, spicule of (Sc. A). 

 Fig. 19. Halichondria aceratospiculum, n. sp., spiculation of: a, linear, 

 acerate, spined; b. linear, acerate, smooth, inflated in the centre; 



c, bihamate ; d, equianchorate (Sc. B). 



Fig. 20. Esperia serratohamata, n. sp., spiculation of : a, linear spicule ; 



b, serrated hamate ; c, tricurvate ; d, inequianchorate (Sc. B). 

 Fig. 21. Suberites vestigium, n. sp., spicule of (sc. l-12th to l-1800th). 

 Fig. 22. S. Jlsttdatus, n. sp., spicidation of: «, linear spicule (sc. l-12th 



to l-1800th) ; 6, equianchorate, lateral and front views (Sc. B). 



