Geological Society. 167 



easily be overlooked in a dried specimen, K. Smithii differs 

 from K. brunnea and K. lanosa by the absence of an inter- 

 femoral fringe, from K. africana by the presence of a secon- 

 dary cusp on the outer upper incisors, and from K. cerosa by 

 the comparatively large size of the same tooth. All the other 

 species hitherto described are from the Oriental Region. 



I propose to name this species after the donor of this most 

 acceptable addition to the national collection of Chiroptera. 



PROCEEDINGS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES. 



GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



April 14, 1880.— Robert Etheridge, Esq., F.R.S., 

 President, in the Chair. 



The following communications were read : — 



1. " On a new Theriodont Reptile (Cliorhizodon orenburgensis, 

 Twelvtr.) from the Upper Permian Sandstone of Kargalinsk, near 

 Orenburg, in South-eastern Russia." By W. H. Twelvetrees, Esq., 

 F.L.S., F.G.S. 



The above measures are cupriferous, and rest on limestone with 

 Zechstein fossils. Associated with the remains of Saurians and 

 Labyrinthodonts are Calamites, Lepidodendron, Aroides crassispatha, 

 Conifers, and a Unio. Tbe specimen noticed in this paper is appa- 

 rently the dentary part of tbe left mandibular ramus, with the 

 crowns of a canine, an incisor, and ten of the molars. The author 

 describes the characteristics of these and the mode of implantation 

 in the jaw, which accords with that described by Prof. Owen in 

 Titanosuchus ferox. The characters of this specimen resemble those 

 of the genus Rhopcdodon ; but as there are some marked dif- 

 ferences, the author proposes to name it Cliorhizodon orenburgensis. 



2. " The Classification of the Tertiary Period by means of the 

 Mammalia." By Prof. W. Boyd Dawkins, M.A., F.R.S., F.G.S., 

 Professor of Geology in Owens College. 



The author, after some introductory remarks on the value of 

 Yertebrata and Invertebrata in classification, pointed out that the 

 Mammalia become of especial value in the Tertiary period, under- 

 going more rapid change than the other classes, from their being, as 

 it is happily termed, en pleine evolution. He discussed the cha- 

 racteristics of each of the great periods, as denned and limited by 

 their Mammalia, pointing out that throughout the Eocene these 

 frequently exhibit relations more or less marsupial. Indeed it is 

 not till the close of the Lower Miocene that the traces of this 

 relationship are lost. In the Middle Miocene Sus, Cervus, Antilope, 

 Felis, Lutra, and Castor appear for the first time, and the higher 

 Apes were present in European forests. In the Upper Miocene 



