Zoology of Barents Sea. 255 



animals, both species and individuals, which the dredge 

 brought to the surface. 



Certain spots yielded a great variety of animal life, as the 

 following examples will testify : — 



On July 18, 1878, in lat. 73° 41' 12" N., long. 22° 58' 30" 

 E., at a depth of 210 fathoms, occurred Halichondria Hynd- 

 mani, Ctenodiscus crispatus, Ar chaster tenuispinus and A. 

 bifrons, Opliiopholis bellis, Ophiacantha spinulosa, Nymphon 

 hirtipes, Membranipora arctica and M. monostachys, Porella 

 struma, Terebratula caput-serpentis, var. septentrionalis, Pecten 

 groenlandicus and P. Hosk.ynsi, Modiolaria discors, Nucida 

 tenuis, Ledapernida and L. intermedia, Area pectunculoides, 

 Astarte crenata, and Siphodentalium vitreum. 



On July 30, 1878, in lat. 75° 16' 6" N., long. 45° 19' 36" 

 E., at a depth of 160 fathoms, occurred Calycella fastigiata, 

 Thuiaria articulata, Sertularia cupressina, Lafoea grandis, 

 Selaginopsis decemserialis, Ammothea glomerata, Ctenodiscus 

 crispatus, Ophiocten sericeum, Astropliyton Lamarckii, Ennoa 

 nodosa, Nephthys ciliata, Cystenides liyperborea, Terebellides 

 Stroemii, Phascolosoma Strovibi, Munnopsis typica, Acantlw- 

 steplieia Malmgreni, Tritropis Helleri, Unciola leucopes, Acan- 

 thonotosoma injlatum, Idotea Sabinii, Nymphon Mrtipes, Flus- 

 tra membranaceo-truncata, Mucronella scutulata and i/, sim- 

 plex, Crisia eburneo-denticulata, Diastopora obelia, Hornera 

 sp., Alcyonidium excavatum, Barentsia bulbosa, Phylactella 

 grandis, Myriozoum subgracile, Flustra solida (=Eschara 

 palmata), Scalaria qroznlandica, and Bulla propinqua. 



On August 1, 1878, in lat. 76° 58' N., long. 45° 40' E., in 

 110 fathoms, at the edge of the pack-ice, individuals of the 

 following species were extremely numerous : — Five species of 

 fishes : Centridermichthys uncinatus, Icelus hamatus, Ago- 

 nus decagonus, Liparis vulgaris ?, and Hippoglossoides liman- 

 doides ; but the specimens were all of small size. Four crus- 

 taceans : Crangon boreas, Sabinea septemcarinata, Pandalus 

 anmdicornis, and Idotea Sabinii. Nymphon Stromii and N. 

 robustum. The Echinoderms were Strongylocentrotus dro- 

 bachiensis, Grossaster papposus, var. affinis, Ctenodiscus cris- 

 patus, Asterias stellionura, Ophiopleura arctica, and Astro- 

 phyton Lamarckii. No Mollusca were brought to me from 

 this dredging by Mr. Grant ; but not far off from this spot on 

 the previous day, in 130 fathoms, in sand and mud, Lima 

 subovata was very numerous, with several other shells. 



Another rich neighbourhood appears to be off Mesjdus- 

 jarrskii Island, on the south-west of Novaya Zemlya, in from 

 62 to 67 fathoms, where three species of fish, fourteen species 

 of Mollusca, seven species of Crustacea (including Alauna 



18* 



